护士使用医院信息系统面临的挑战：学术医院与非学术医院的比较
Challenges of using Hospital Information Systems by nurses: comparing academic and non-academic hospitals.
作者信息
Ahmadian Leila, Dorosti Nafise, Khajouei Reza, Gohari Sadrieh Hajesmaeel
机构信息
Ph.D. in Medical Informatics, Associate Professor of Medical Informatics, Medical Informatics Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
B.Sc. in Health Information Technology, School of Management and Health Information Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
出版信息
Electron Physician. 2017 Jun 25;9(6):4625-4630. doi: 10.19082/4625. eCollection 2017 Jun.
BACKGROUND AND AIM
Hospital Information Systems (HIS) are used for easy access to information, improvement of documentation and reducing errors. Nonetheless, using these systems is faced with some barriers and obstacles. This study identifies the challenges and the obstacles of using these systems in the academic and non-academic hospitals in Kerman.
METHODS
This is a cross-sectional study which was carried out in 2015. The statistical population in this study consisted of the nurses who had been working in the academic and non-academic hospitals in Kerman. A questionnaire consisting of two sections was used. The first section consisted of the demographic information of the participants and the second section comprised 34 questions about the challenges of HIS use. Data were analyzed by the descriptive and statistical analysis (t-test, and ANOVA) using SPSS 19 software.
RESULTS
The most common and important challenges in the academic hospitals were about human environment factors, particularly "negative attitude of society toward using HIS". In the non-academic hospitals, the most common and important challenges were related to human factors, and among them, "no incentive to use system" was the main factor. The results of the t-test method revealed that there was a significant relationship between gender and the mean score of challenges related to the organizational environment category in the academic hospitals and between familiarity with HIS and mean score of human environment factors (p<0.05). The results of the ANOVA test also revealed that the educational degree and work experience in the healthcare environment (years) in the academic hospitals have a significant relationship with the mean score related to the hardware challenges, as well, experience with HIS has a significant relationship, with the mean score related to the human challenges (p<0.05).
CONCLUSION
The most important challenges in using the information systems are the factors related to the human environment and the human factors. The results of this study can bring a good perspective to the policy makers and the managers regarding obstacles of using HISs from the nurses' perspective, so that they can solve their problems and can successfully implement these systems.
背景与目的
医院信息系统（HIS）用于方便获取信息、改善文档记录并减少错误。尽管如此，使用这些系统面临一些障碍。本研究确定了克尔曼省学术医院和非学术医院使用这些系统的挑战与障碍。
方法
这是一项于2015年开展的横断面研究。本研究的统计人群为在克尔曼省学术医院和非学术医院工作的护士。使用了一份包含两个部分的问卷。第一部分包括参与者的人口统计学信息，第二部分包含34个关于使用HIS的挑战的问题。使用SPSS 19软件通过描述性和统计分析（t检验和方差分析）对数据进行分析。
结果
学术医院中最常见且重要的挑战与人文环境因素有关，尤其是“社会对使用HIS的负面态度”。在非学术医院中，最常见且重要的挑战与人为因素有关，其中“使用系统缺乏激励”是主要因素。t检验方法的结果显示，学术医院中性别与组织环境类别相关挑战的平均得分之间以及对HIS的熟悉程度与人文环境因素平均得分之间存在显著关系（p<0.05）。方差分析测试的结果还显示，学术医院中教育程度和医疗环境工作经验（年数）与硬件挑战相关的平均得分有显著关系，此外，HIS使用经验与人为挑战相关的平均得分有显著关系（p<0.05）。
结论
使用信息系统的最重要挑战是与人文环境和人为因素相关的因素。本研究结果可以从护士的角度为政策制定者和管理者提供关于使用HIS障碍的良好视角，以便他们能够解决问题并成功实施这些系统。
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