Lynch David A
Department of Radiology. National Jewish Health. Denver, CO.
Chronic Obstr Pulm Dis. 2014 May 6;1(1):73-82. doi: 10.15326/jcopdf.1.1.2014.0125.
Computed tomography (CT) has contributed substantially to our understanding of COPD over the past decade. Visual and quantitative assessments of CT in COPD are complementary. Visual assessment should provide assessment of centrilobular, panlobular and paraseptal emphysema, airway wall thickening, bronchiectasis, findings of respiratory bronchiolitis, and enlargement of the pulmonary artery. Quantitative CT permits evaluation of severity of emphysema, airway wall thickening, and expiratory air trapping, and is now being used for longitudinal evaluation of the progression of COPD. Innovative techniques are being developed to use CT to characterize the pattern of emphysema and smoking- related respiratory bronchiolitis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography PET-CT are useful research tools in the evaluation of COPD.
在过去十年中，计算机断层扫描（CT）对我们理解慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）起到了极大的推动作用。COPD的CT视觉评估和定量评估相辅相成。视觉评估应涵盖小叶中心型、全小叶型和间隔旁型肺气肿、气道壁增厚、支气管扩张、呼吸性细支气管炎的表现以及肺动脉增粗等情况。定量CT能够评估肺气肿的严重程度、气道壁增厚以及呼气末气体潴留情况，目前正用于COPD进展的纵向评估。正在研发创新技术，利用CT来描述肺气肿的类型以及与吸烟相关的呼吸性细支气管炎。磁共振成像（MRI）和正电子发射断层扫描PET-CT是评估COPD的有用研究工具。
