Gerend Mary A, Newcomb Michael E, Mustanski Brian
Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 633N.St. Clair, Suite 1900, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Department of Psychology, Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences, Northwestern University, 2029 Sheridan Rd., Swift Hall, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 633N.St. Clair, Suite 1900, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2017 Oct 1;179:395-399. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.07.022. Epub 2017 Aug 16.
Although the prevalence of cigarette smoking in the United States has decreased, rates remain elevated among sexual and gender minorities (SGMs). This study examined rates and correlates of tobacco use among young men who have sex with men (YMSM) and transgender women.
Participants (N=771) were drawn from the baseline assessment of an ongoing longitudinal cohort study of racially diverse MSM aged 16-29 years. Data collection took place in 2015-2016. Socio-demographic and SGM-specific (e.g., gender identity, sexual identity, physical attraction) correlates of cigarette smoking and electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use were identified using logistic regression.
Twenty-one percent were current cigarette smokers. Nearly 40% ever tried an e-cigarette, but regular e-cigarette use was low (3.8%). Smokers were more likely to be older (vs. aged 16-18), less educated, homeless, bisexual or identify as some other sexual minority (vs. gay), attracted to males and females equally or more attracted to females than males (vs. males only), and HIV-positive. E-cigarette users were more likely to be transgender women (vs. cisgender men), White (vs. Black), more educated, and mostly attracted to females.
Findings highlight important risk factors for tobacco use among SGM youth. Correlates of smoking mirrored findings observed in the general population, but also included factors specific to SGM youth (e.g., sexual orientation, HIV status, homelessness). Although some variables (gender identity, attraction) demonstrated similar relationships with smoking and e-cigarette use, others (race/ethnicity, education) demonstrated opposite patterns. Findings underscore the urgent need for tobacco prevention and cessation interventions for SGM youth.
尽管美国吸烟率有所下降，但性少数群体（SGM）中的吸烟率仍然居高不下。本研究调查了男男性行为者（YMSM）和跨性别女性中烟草使用的发生率及其相关因素。
参与者（N = 771）来自一项正在进行的针对16 - 29岁不同种族男男性行为者的纵向队列研究的基线评估。数据收集于2015 - 2016年进行。使用逻辑回归确定吸烟和使用电子烟的社会人口学及SGM特定因素（如性别认同、性取向认同、身体吸引力）相关因素。
21%的人当前吸烟。近40%的人曾尝试使用电子烟，但经常使用电子烟的比例较低（3.8%）。吸烟者更可能年龄较大（相对于16 - 18岁）、受教育程度较低、无家可归、双性恋或认同为其他性少数群体（相对于同性恋）、对男性和女性有同等吸引力或更吸引女性（相对于只吸引男性），以及感染艾滋病毒。电子烟使用者更可能是跨性别女性（相对于顺性别男性）、白人（相对于黑人）、受教育程度更高，且大多被女性吸引。
研究结果突出了SGM青年烟草使用的重要风险因素。吸烟的相关因素反映了在普通人群中观察到的结果，但也包括SGM青年特有的因素（如性取向、艾滋病毒感染状况、无家可归）。尽管一些变量（性别认同、吸引力）与吸烟和电子烟使用呈现相似关系，但其他变量（种族/族裔、教育程度）呈现相反模式。研究结果强调了针对SGM青年进行烟草预防和戒烟干预的迫切需求。
