Keshavarz-Tohid Vahid, Taheri Parissa, Muller Daniel, Prigent-Combaret Claire, Vacheron Jordan, Taghavi Seyed Mohsen, Tarighi Saeed, Moënne-Loccoz Yvan
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran; UMR Ecologie Microbienne, CNRS, INRA, VetAgro Sup, UCBL, Université de Lyon, 43 bd du 11 Novembre, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France.
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran.
Res Microbiol. 2017 Oct;168(8):760-772. doi: 10.1016/j.resmic.2017.08.002. Epub 2017 Aug 26.
Fluorescent pseudomonads from bean root and rhizosphere in Iran were investigated for biocontrol of the fungal pathogen Rhizoctonia solani. Phylogenetic analysis of concatenated 16S rRNA, gyrB and rpoD sequences for 33 Pseudomonas isolates showed that 15 belonged to four clusters within the 'P. fluorescens' group, i.e. one corresponding to P. thivervalensis, two others including P. moraviensis or P. baetica, and the last one without closely-related established species. The 18 other isolates belonged to five clusters within the 'P. putida' group, one including P. mosselii and P. entomophila, another including strains currently described as P. putida, and three without closely-related species described. Ten isolates were selected based on in vitro inhibition of R. solani. Cellulase activity was identified in three pseudomonads, chitinase activity in two pseudomonads, extracellular protease activity in nine pseudomonads and hydrogen cyanide production in two pseudomonads. Genes coding for production of phenazine, pyoluteorin, pyrrolnitrin and 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol were not found, whereas the 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deamination gene acdS was present in three pseudomonads. The antagonistic acdS strain VKh13 from the 'P. putida' group effectively protected soil-grown bean from R. solani AG 4-HGI. Results show that pseudomonads from uncharacterized taxa were readily obtained from Iranian soils and displayed biocontrol potential against R. solani.
对来自伊朗菜豆根和根际的荧光假单胞菌进行了研究，以用于对真菌病原体立枯丝核菌的生物防治。对33株假单胞菌分离株的16S rRNA、gyrB和rpoD序列进行串联分析的系统发育分析表明，15株属于“荧光假单胞菌”组内的四个簇，即一个对应于蒂韦尔瓦假单胞菌，另外两个包括莫拉维亚假单胞菌或贝蒂卡假单胞菌，最后一个没有与之密切相关的已确定物种。另外18株分离株属于“恶臭假单胞菌”组内的五个簇，一个包括莫氏假单胞菌和嗜虫假单胞菌，另一个包括目前描述为恶臭假单胞菌的菌株，还有三个没有与之密切相关的已描述物种。根据对立枯丝核菌的体外抑制作用选择了10株分离株。在三株假单胞菌中鉴定出纤维素酶活性，在两株假单胞菌中鉴定出几丁质酶活性，在九株假单胞菌中鉴定出细胞外蛋白酶活性，在两株假单胞菌中鉴定出氰化氢产生。未发现编码吩嗪、绿脓菌素、吡咯菌素和2,4-二乙酰基间苯三酚产生的基因，而1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸脱氨酶基因acdS存在于三株假单胞菌中。来自“恶臭假单胞菌”组的拮抗acdS菌株VKh13有效地保护了土壤种植的菜豆免受立枯丝核菌AG 4-HGI的侵害。结果表明，从伊朗土壤中很容易获得未鉴定类群的假单胞菌，并且它们对立枯丝核菌具有生物防治潜力。
