Buzanskas Marcos Eli, Grossi Daniela do Amaral, Ventura Ricardo Vieira, Schenkel Flavio Schramm, Chud Tatiane Cristina Seleguim, Stafuzza Nedenia Bonvino, Rola Luciana Diniz, Meirelles Sarah Laguna Conceição, Mokry Fabiana Barichello, Mudadu Maurício de Alvarenga, Higa Roberto Hiroshi, da Silva Marcos Vinícius Gualberto Barbosa, de Alencar Maurício Mello, Regitano Luciana Correia de Almeida, Munari Danísio Prado
Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), Areia, Paraíba 58397-000 Brazil.
Fast Genetics, Saskatoon, SK S7K 2K6 Canada.
J Anim Sci Biotechnol. 2017 Aug 23;8:67. doi: 10.1186/s40104-017-0199-8. eCollection 2017.
Beef cattle breeding programs in Brazil have placed greater emphasis on the genomic study of reproductive traits of males and females due to their economic importance. In this study, genome-wide associations were assessed for scrotal circumference at 210 d of age, scrotal circumference at 420 d of age, age at first calving, and age at second calving, in Canchim beef cattle. Data quality control was conducted resulting in 672,778 SNPs and 392 animals.
Associated SNPs were observed for scrotal circumference at 420 d of age (435 SNPs), followed by scrotal circumference at 210 d of age (12 SNPs), age at first calving (six SNPs), and age at second calving (four SNPs). We investigated whether significant SNPs were within genic or surrounding regions. Biological processes of genes were associated with immune system, multicellular organismal process, response to stimulus, apoptotic process, cellular component organization or biogenesis, biological adhesion, and reproduction.
Few associations were observed for scrotal circumference at 210 d of age, age at first calving, and age at second calving, reinforcing their polygenic inheritance and the complexity of understanding the genetic architecture of reproductive traits. Finding many associations for scrotal circumference at 420 d of age in various regions of the Canchim genome also reveals the difficulty of targeting specific candidate genes that could act on fertility; nonetheless, the high linkage disequilibrium between loci herein estimated could aid to overcome this issue. Therefore, all relevant information about genomic regions influencing reproductive traits may contribute to target candidate genes for further investigation of causal mutations and aid in future genomic studies in Canchim cattle to improve the breeding program.
由于繁殖性状在经济上的重要性，巴西的肉牛育种计划更加注重对雄性和雌性繁殖性状的基因组研究。在本研究中，对坎辛牛肉牛210日龄阴囊周长、420日龄阴囊周长、初产年龄和二胎产犊年龄进行了全基因组关联分析。进行了数据质量控制，最终得到672,778个单核苷酸多态性（SNP）和392头动物的数据。
在420日龄阴囊周长上观察到相关SNP（435个SNP），其次是210日龄阴囊周长（12个SNP）、初产年龄（6个SNP）和二胎产犊年龄（4个SNP）。我们研究了显著SNP是否位于基因内部或周围区域。基因的生物学过程与免疫系统、多细胞生物过程、对刺激的反应、凋亡过程、细胞成分组织或生物发生、生物粘附和繁殖有关。
在210日龄阴囊周长、初产年龄和二胎产犊年龄上观察到的关联较少，这强化了它们的多基因遗传特性以及理解繁殖性状遗传结构的复杂性。在坎辛基因组的各个区域中，420日龄阴囊周长发现了许多关联，这也揭示了确定可影响繁殖力的特定候选基因的难度；尽管如此，本文估计的基因座之间的高连锁不平衡可能有助于克服这一问题。因此，所有关于影响繁殖性状的基因组区域的相关信息可能有助于确定候选基因，以便进一步研究因果突变，并有助于未来对坎辛牛的基因组研究，以改进育种计划。
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