Li Ping, Gu Yinzhong, Li Jiang, Xie Longxiang, Li Xue, Xie Jianping
Institute of Modern Biopharmaceuticals, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Eco-Environment and Bio-Resource of the Three Gorges Area, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
J Membr Biol. 2017 Dec;250(6):573-585. doi: 10.1007/s00232-017-9982-x. Epub 2017 Aug 29.
The cell membrane or biofilm serve as permeable barrier for xenobiotics to maintain the homeostasis of cells or bacterial community. Transport systems are essential for the uptake of nutrients and substances necessary for biofilm formation, efflux of deleterious compounds, as well as communication between cells and environment. Major facilitator superfamily (MFS) represents the largest secondary transporter family and is responsible for the transport of a broad spectrum of substrates with diverse physiochemical properties by utilizing the energy stored in electrochemical gradient across the membrane. Importantly, multidrug efflux pumps belonging to the major facilitator superfamily are important contributing factors to drug resistance and biofilm formation in many clinical strains like Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This review summarized the structural properties and functions of M. tuberculosis MFS transporters, molecular mechanisms of substrates transfer, and efflux pump inhibitors for better control of biofilm-associated infections.
细胞膜或生物膜作为外源性物质的渗透屏障，以维持细胞或细菌群落的稳态。转运系统对于生物膜形成所需营养物质和物质的摄取、有害化合物的外排以及细胞与环境之间的通讯至关重要。主要易化子超家族（MFS）是最大的次级转运蛋白家族，通过利用跨膜电化学梯度中储存的能量，负责转运具有不同理化性质的广泛底物。重要的是，属于主要易化子超家族的多药外排泵是许多临床菌株（如结核分枝杆菌）耐药性和生物膜形成的重要促成因素。本综述总结了结核分枝杆菌MFS转运蛋白的结构特性和功能、底物转运的分子机制以及外排泵抑制剂，以更好地控制生物膜相关感染。
