General Paediatrics and Infectious and Tropical Diseases Department, Hospital La Paz, Paseo de la Castellana, 261, 28046, Madrid, Spain.
Eur J Pediatr. 2017 Oct;176(10):1425-1428. doi: 10.1007/s00431-017-3001-1. Epub 2017 Aug 29.
The aim of this study was to address the epidemiological factors associated to hospital admissions due to influenza in infants younger than 6 months. A case-control study was performed in a tertiary hospital in Spain. Cases were infants under 6 months of age without comorbidities who were admitted due to influenza between October 2010 and March 2015. Controls were healthy infants younger than 6 months who were hospitalized due to non-respiratory illness or non-infectious diseases (urinary tract infection was included as controls). Data were retrospectively collected from medical records and phone interviews. A total of 88 cases and 122 controls we included. From univariate analysis, differences were found in relation to maternal age (43.1 ± 4.95 vs 32 ± 5.3), paternal age (37 ± 6.4 vs 34.5 ± 6.1), having siblings (79 vs 24%), siblings below 4 years old (54 vs 15%), and having vaccinated grandparents (18 vs 39%) (p < 0.05). After logistic regression, having vaccinated grandparents was an independent protective factor (OR 0.22 [CI95%; 0.05-0.91]), while having siblings was a risk factor (OR 15.8 [CI95% 3.15-79.5]). Vaccination during pregnancy was highly uncommon (3.5 vs 8.3%; p = 0.3).
This study underlines the importance of increasing influenza immunization among household contacts of infants below 6 months to prevent their influenza admission. What is Known: • Infants younger than 6 months old are considered a high-risk population. • Vaccination against influenza is not licensed in infants below 6 months. What is New: • Increasing vaccination coverage in elderly people could reduce infants' hospitalization rates. • Cocoon immunization strategy may reduce the admission of infants.
本研究旨在探讨 6 个月以下婴儿因流感住院的相关流行病学因素。
这是西班牙一家三级医院进行的病例对照研究。病例为 10 年 10 月至 15 年 3 月期间无合并症、因流感住院的 6 个月以下婴儿。对照组为因非呼吸道疾病或非传染性疾病（包括尿路感染）住院的 6 个月以下健康婴儿。数据通过病历和电话访谈进行回顾性收集。共纳入 88 例病例和 122 例对照。单因素分析发现，母亲年龄（43.1±4.95 岁比 32±5.3 岁）、父亲年龄（37±6.4 岁比 34.5±6.1 岁）、有兄弟姐妹（79%比 24%）、兄弟姐妹年龄＜4 岁（54%比 15%）、有接种疫苗的祖父母（18%比 39%）差异有统计学意义（p＜0.05）。经 logistic 回归分析，有接种疫苗的祖父母是独立的保护因素（OR 0.22[95%CI 0.05-0.91]），而有兄弟姐妹是危险因素（OR 15.8[95%CI 3.15-79.5]）。孕妇接种流感疫苗的比例非常低（3.5%比 8.3%；p=0.3）。
本研究强调了增加 6 个月以下婴儿家庭成员流感免疫接种的重要性，以预防其流感住院。
·6 个月以下婴儿被认为是高危人群。
·6 个月以下婴儿流感疫苗尚未获得许可。
·增加老年人的疫苗接种覆盖率可能降低婴儿住院率。
·巢式免疫策略可能减少婴儿的住院率。
