Advanced Pediatric Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India.
Indian J Pediatr. 2018 Jan;85(1):66-70. doi: 10.1007/s12098-017-2437-7. Epub 2017 Aug 30.
Headache is a common complaint for which parents seek pediatrician's consult. Headaches are seen in increasing frequency from 3 y of age onwards with peaks in older children and adolescents. In children, secondary headaches due to underlying etiologies are far more common than primary headaches due to migraine. Recognition of temporal pattern of headache along with focused neurological examination will help in narrowing down the etiology. The key goal in urgent care assessment is to identify children with underlying serious illnesses that require stabilization and urgent referral. For benign causes, symptomatic treatment with analgesics like paracetamol or ibuprofen would suffice initially, while identification of the underlying condition would lead to further appropriate management, particularly in primary headaches.
头痛是儿童常见的就诊原因。头痛的发病率随年龄增长而逐渐增加，在较大儿童和青少年中更为常见。在儿童中，由潜在病因引起的继发性头痛远比由偏头痛引起的原发性头痛更为常见。认识头痛的时间模式并进行有针对性的神经系统检查，有助于缩小病因范围。在紧急护理评估中，关键目标是识别出患有潜在严重疾病的儿童，这些儿童需要稳定病情并紧急转介。对于良性病因，最初可采用对乙酰氨基酚或布洛芬等镇痛药对症治疗，而明确潜在病因则可进一步进行适当的治疗，特别是针对原发性头痛。
