Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Clínico Virgen de la Victoria, Málaga, Spain.
CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Málaga, Spain.
Curr Atheroscler Rep. 2017 Aug 30;19(10):40. doi: 10.1007/s11883-017-0676-8.
Metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) is considered to be the most effective treatment for obesity. Not only due to the significant weight reduction but also because of the many health benefits associated with it. In the last 5 years, several studies have suggested that epigenetic modifications could be involved in the mechanisms underlying the response to bariatric surgery. In this review, we will compile the different studies (2012-2017) concerning the effect of this surgical procedure on DNA methylation patterns (the most studied epigenetic marker) and its association with metabolic improvement. This is an emerging area, and currently, there are not many studies in the literature. The aim is to show what has been done so far and what the future direction in this emerging area might be.
Recent findings have shown how metabolic and bariatric surgery modifies the DNA methylation profile of the specific genes associated with the pathophysiology of the disease. The studies were performed in morbidly obese subjects, mainly in women, with the aim of reducing weight and improving the obesity-associated comorbidities. DNA methylation has been measured both in specific tissue and in peripheral blood samples. In general, studies about site-specific DNA methylation have shown a change in the methylation profile after surgery, whereas the studies analyzing global DNA methylation are not so conclusive. Summing up, metabolic and bariatric surgery can modify the DNA methylation profile of different genes and contributes to the metabolic health benefits that are often seen after metabolic and bariatric surgery. Although there are still many issues to be resolved, the capacity to revert the DNA methylation profile of specific sites opens a window for searching for target markers to treat obesity-related comorbidities.
代谢和减重手术（MBS）被认为是肥胖的最有效治疗方法。不仅因为体重显著减轻，而且因为与它相关的许多健康益处。在过去的 5 年中，有几项研究表明，表观遗传修饰可能与减重手术的反应机制有关。在这篇综述中，我们将汇集 2012-2017 年期间关于该手术对 DNA 甲基化模式（最受研究的表观遗传标记）及其与代谢改善的关联的影响的不同研究。这是一个新兴领域，目前文献中没有太多研究。目的是展示迄今为止已经完成的工作以及该新兴领域的未来方向。
最近的研究结果表明，代谢和减重手术如何改变与疾病病理生理学相关的特定基因的 DNA 甲基化谱。这些研究是在病态肥胖的受试者中进行的，主要是女性，目的是减轻体重并改善肥胖相关的合并症。DNA 甲基化已在特定组织和外周血样本中进行了测量。一般来说，关于特定部位 DNA 甲基化的研究表明手术后甲基化谱发生了变化，而分析全基因组 DNA 甲基化的研究则没有那么明确。总的来说，代谢和减重手术可以改变不同基因的 DNA 甲基化谱，并有助于代谢健康益处，这些益处通常在代谢和减重手术后出现。尽管仍有许多问题需要解决，但恢复特定部位的 DNA 甲基化谱的能力为寻找治疗肥胖相关合并症的靶向标志物开辟了一个窗口。
