Izquierdo Andrea G, Crujeiras Ana B
Epigenomics in Endocrinology and Nutrition Group, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2019 Apr 16;10:232. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00232. eCollection 2019.
In recent years, an increasing number of studies have begun focusing on epigenetics as a link between environmental factors and a greater predisposition to the development of obesity and its comorbidities. An important challenge in this field is the evaluation of the possibility of the reversal of obesity-related epigenetic marks by means of therapy to induce weight loss and if the beneficial effects of therapy in reducing obesity are mediated by epigenetic mechanisms. We aimed to offer an outline of the current results regarding to the impact of bariatric surgery on epigenetic regulation, as well as to show if the beneficial effect of this intervention could be mediated by epigenetic mechanisms. A review of the scientific publications in PubMed was performed by using key words related to obesity, epigenetics and bariatric surgery to provide an update of recent findings in this area of research. The most relevant and recently published articles and abstracts were selected to frame this review. Previous studies have demonstrated the presence of differential DNA methylation after bariatric surgery and the differential expression of non-coding RNAs. Therefore, epigenetic regulation could mediate the benefit of bariatric surgery on body weight and the metabolic disturbances associated with excess body weight, such as insulin resistance, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease. This evidence is relatively new as epigenetic regulation was first evaluated in the obesity field only a few years ago. However, there is an urgent need to perform longitudinal studies to evaluate the capacity of epigenetic marks in the prediction of bariatric surgery response. Bariatric surgery appears to be capable of partially reversing the obesity-related epigenome. The identification of potential epigenetic biomarkers predictive for the success of bariatric surgery may open new doors to personalized therapy for severe obesity.
近年来，越来越多的研究开始关注表观遗传学，将其视为环境因素与肥胖及其合并症易感性增加之间的联系。该领域的一个重要挑战是评估通过诱导体重减轻的疗法逆转肥胖相关表观遗传标记的可能性，以及减肥疗法的有益效果是否由表观遗传机制介导。我们旨在概述目前关于减肥手术对表观遗传调控影响的研究结果，并探讨这种干预的有益效果是否可由表观遗传机制介导。通过使用与肥胖、表观遗传学和减肥手术相关的关键词，对PubMed上的科学出版物进行了综述，以提供该研究领域最新发现的最新情况。选择了最相关且最新发表的文章和摘要来构建本综述。先前的研究已经证明减肥手术后存在DNA甲基化差异以及非编码RNA的差异表达。因此，表观遗传调控可能介导减肥手术对体重以及与超重相关的代谢紊乱（如胰岛素抵抗、高血压和心血管疾病）的益处。由于仅在几年前才首次在肥胖领域评估表观遗传调控，这方面的证据相对较新。然而，迫切需要进行纵向研究，以评估表观遗传标记在预测减肥手术反应方面的能力。减肥手术似乎能够部分逆转与肥胖相关的表观基因组。识别预测减肥手术成功的潜在表观遗传生物标志物可能为重度肥胖的个性化治疗打开新的大门。
