Baiardi Simone, Cirignotta Fabio
U.O. Neurologia, Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi, AOU Bologna, Bologna, Italia Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italia.
Med Lav. 2017 Aug 28;108(4):267-275. doi: 10.23749/mdl.v108i4.6414.
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS) is the most frequent sleep breathing disorder in the general population. To reach a correct diagnosis, the clinical work-up requires the association of comprehensive clinical evaluation (anamnesis, physical examination) and nocturnal polysomnography. Polysomnographic recordings may differ by number of bio-parameters recorded and setting (in laboratory or at home), and allow the identification of other sleep disorders in addition to the diagnosis of OSAS. Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is the most frequent daytime complaint of OSAS patients. Its evaluation is fundamental in subjects with suspected OSAS and concomitant high risk of sleep-related accidents due to work-related factors (e.g. professional drivers). To test EDS, physicians may use subjective (questionnaires) and/or objective (polysomnografic or performance tests) measures. Objective tests are more advisable, but to date they are time consuming and expensive. Objective tests less time-consuming and easily applicable to clinic practice are being evaluated.
阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征（OSAS）是普通人群中最常见的睡眠呼吸障碍。为了做出正确诊断，临床检查需要综合临床评估（病史、体格检查）与夜间多导睡眠图相结合。多导睡眠图记录可能因记录的生物参数数量和设置（在实验室或在家中）而有所不同，并且除了诊断OSAS之外，还能识别其他睡眠障碍。日间过度嗜睡（EDS）是OSAS患者最常见的日间主诉。对于疑似OSAS且因工作相关因素（如职业司机）而伴有与睡眠相关事故高风险的受试者，对其进行评估至关重要。为了测试EDS，医生可以使用主观（问卷调查）和/或客观（多导睡眠图或性能测试）方法。客观测试更可取，但迄今为止它们既耗时又昂贵。目前正在评估耗时较少且易于应用于临床实践的客观测试。
