Patten Christi A, Boyle Raymond, Tinkelman David, Brockman Tabetha A, Lukowski Amy, Decker Paul A, D'Silva Joanne, Lichtenstein Edward, Zhu Shu-Hong
Department of Psychology and Psychiatry, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
Department of Research Programs, ClearWay Minnesota SM, Minneapolis, MN 55425, USA.
Health Educ Res. 2017 Aug 1;32(4):318-331. doi: 10.1093/her/cyx050.
Evidence-based treatments (e.g. quitlines) are greatly underutilized by smokers limiting their public health impact. A three-session phone intervention for nonsmoking family members and friends (i.e. support persons) was successful for increasing smoker quitline enrollment. To enhance the intervention's potential translatability, in this study, we delivered treatment for the non-smoker within ongoing quitline services and compared the efficacy of the three-call intervention to a streamlined version (one call). A total of 704 adult non-smokers (85% female, 95% White) wanting to help a smoker quit and recruited statewide in Minnesota participated in this randomized controlled trial with parallel groups. Non-smokers received mailed written materials and were randomly assigned to a control condition (no additional treatment, n = 235), or to a one- (n = 233) or three-call (n = 236) intervention delivered by quitline coaches. The main outcome was smoker quitline enrollment through 7-month follow-up. Smoker quitline enrollment was similar for those linked to non-smokers in the one- and three-call interventions (14.6% [34/233] and 14.8% [35/236]), and higher than for smokers linked to control participants (6.4% [15/235]), P = 0.006. Just one quitline coaching call delivered to non-smokers increased treatment enrollment among smokers. The reach of quitlines could be enhanced by targeting the social support network of smokers.
基于证据的治疗方法（如戒烟热线）未得到吸烟者的充分利用，限制了其对公共卫生的影响。一项针对不吸烟的家庭成员和朋友（即支持人员）的三阶段电话干预成功提高了吸烟者对戒烟热线的登记率。为了提高该干预措施的潜在可推广性，在本研究中，我们在现有的戒烟热线服务中为不吸烟者提供治疗，并将三阶段电话干预的效果与简化版（一个阶段电话）进行比较。共有704名成年不吸烟者（85%为女性，95%为白人）希望帮助吸烟者戒烟，他们在明尼苏达州全州范围内招募，参与了这项平行组随机对照试验。不吸烟者收到邮寄的书面材料，并被随机分配到对照组（无额外治疗，n = 235），或由戒烟热线教练提供的一个阶段电话（n = 233）或三个阶段电话（n = 236）干预组。主要结果是通过7个月的随访来统计吸烟者对戒烟热线的登记情况。在一个阶段电话和三个阶段电话干预中，与不吸烟者相关的吸烟者对戒烟热线的登记率相似（分别为14.6%[34/233]和14.8%[35/236]），且高于与对照组参与者相关的吸烟者（6.4%[15/235]），P = 0.006。向不吸烟者提供一次戒烟热线教练电话就增加了吸烟者的治疗登记率。通过针对吸烟者的社会支持网络，可以提高戒烟热线的覆盖面。
