Sutherland David
World Health Organization Regional Office for South-East Asia, New Delhi, India.
WHO South East Asia J Public Health. 2017 Sep;6(2):27-33. doi: 10.4103/2224-3151.213788.
In many countries of the World Health Organization (WHO) South-East Asia Region, drinking water is not used directly from the tap and faecal contamination of water sources is prevalent. As reflected in Sustainable Development Goal 6, access to safer drinking water is one of the most successful ways of preventing disease. The WHO Water Safety Framework promotes the use of water safety plans (WSPs), which are structured tools that help identify and mitigate potential risks throughout a water-supply system, from the water source to the point of use. WSPs not only help prevent outbreaks of acute and chronic waterborne diseases but also improve water-supply management and performance. During the past 12 years, through the direct and indirect work of a water quality partnership supported by the Australian Government, more than 5000 urban and rural WSPs have been implemented in the region. An impact assessment based on pre- and post-WSP surveys suggests that WSPs have improved system operations and management, infrastructure and performance; leveraged donor funds; increased stakeholder communication and collaboration; increased testing of water quality; and increased monitoring of consumer satisfaction. These achievements, and their sustainability, are being achieved through national legislation and regulatory frameworks for water supply, including quality standards for drinking water; national training tools and extensive training of sector professionals and creation of WSP experts; model WSPs; WSP auditing systems; and the institution of longterm training and support. More than a decade of water safety planning using the WSP approach has shown that supplying safe drinking water at the tap throughout the WHO South-East Asia Region is a realistic goal.
在世界卫生组织（WHO）东南亚区域的许多国家，人们不直接饮用自来水，水源受粪便污染的情况普遍存在。正如可持续发展目标6所反映的那样，获得更安全的饮用水是预防疾病最有效的方法之一。世卫组织《水安全框架》提倡使用水安全计划（WSP），这是一种结构化工具，有助于识别和减轻整个供水系统（从水源到使用点）的潜在风险。水安全计划不仅有助于预防急性和慢性水源性疾病的爆发，还能改善供水管理和绩效。在过去12年里，通过澳大利亚政府支持的水质伙伴关系的直接和间接工作，该区域已实施了5000多个城乡水安全计划。基于水安全计划实施前后调查的影响评估表明，水安全计划改善了系统运营和管理、基础设施及绩效；撬动了捐助资金；增强了利益相关者的沟通与协作；增加了水质检测；并加强了对消费者满意度的监测。这些成就及其可持续性是通过国家供水立法和监管框架实现的，包括饮用水质量标准；国家培训工具以及对行业专业人员的广泛培训和水安全计划专家的培养；水安全计划范例；水安全计划审核系统；以及长期培训和支持机制。十多年来采用水安全计划方法进行水安全规划表明，在世卫组织东南亚区域的各个地方提供安全的自来水是一个现实的目标。
