Tremmel Stephanie, Sonnentag Sabine
Department of Psychology, University of Mannheim.
J Occup Health Psychol. 2018 Oct;23(4):568-583. doi: 10.1037/ocp0000100. Epub 2017 Aug 31.
Incivility by coworkers and customers can have detrimental consequences for employees' affective well-being at work. However, little is known about whether incivility also impairs employees' affect at home and how long these negative effects may last. In this diary study, we examine whether incivility by coworkers and customers is related to next-morning negative affect via negative affect at the end of the workday and at bedtime, and investigate different modes of social sharing (i.e., conversations about experienced mistreatment) as day-level moderators of this relationship. Daily diary data collected over 10 workdays (N = 113 employees) revealed that coworker incivility was indirectly related to bedtime negative affect via negative affect at the end of the workday, and customer incivility was indirectly related to next-morning negative affect via negative affect at the end of the workday and at bedtime. Although we found no moderating effect for conversations in an affective sharing mode (i.e., conversation partners provide comfort and consolation), the relationship between workplace incivility and employees' negative affect was buffered by conversations in a cognitive sharing mode (i.e., conversation partners suggest alternative explanations or reappraisal of uncivil behavior). In line with social sharing theory, our results suggest that talking about experienced mistreatment can, under specific circumstances, offset the negative relationship of uncivil coworker and customer behavior and employees' negative affect. This study advances current research on workplace incivility by studying negative affect 3 times a day and thus sheds light on the mechanism connecting workplace incivility and employees' affective well-being at home. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved).
同事和顾客的无礼行为可能会对员工工作时的情感幸福产生不利影响。然而，对于无礼行为是否也会损害员工在家时的情感，以及这些负面影响可能持续多久，我们却知之甚少。在这项日记研究中，我们考察了同事和顾客的无礼行为是否通过工作日结束时和就寝时的负面影响与次日早晨的负面影响相关，并将不同的社交分享方式（即关于所经历的不当对待的交谈）作为这种关系的日层面调节变量进行研究。在10个工作日收集的每日日记数据（N = 113名员工）显示，同事的无礼行为通过工作日结束时的负面影响与就寝时的负面影响间接相关，而顾客的无礼行为通过工作日结束时和就寝时的负面影响与次日早晨的负面影响间接相关。虽然我们没有发现情感分享模式下的交谈（即交谈伙伴提供安慰和慰藉）有调节作用，但工作场所无礼行为与员工负面影响之间的关系在认知分享模式下的交谈（即交谈伙伴提出对无礼行为的替代解释或重新评价）中得到了缓冲。与社会分享理论一致，我们的结果表明，在特定情况下，谈论所经历的不当对待可以抵消同事和顾客的无礼行为与员工负面影响之间的负面关系。本研究通过每天三次研究负面影响，推进了当前关于工作场所无礼行为的研究，从而揭示了连接工作场所无礼行为与员工在家时情感幸福的机制。（《心理学文摘数据库记录》（c）2018美国心理学会，保留所有权利）
