Mendoza-Núñez Víctor Manuel, González-Mantilla Fabiola, Correa-Muñoz Elsa, Retana-Ugalde Raquel
Unidad de Investigación en Gerontología, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Guelatao N° 66, Col. Ejército de Oriente, 09230 Mexico City, Mexico.
Maestría en Enfermería, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CP 04510 Mexico City, Mexico.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2017 Aug 31;14(9):993. doi: 10.3390/ijerph14090993.
Some studies have demonstrated the relationship between social support networks (SSNs) and health status. In this sense, it has been considered that physical and mental functioning is a key indicator of the health in the age people. The aim of this study was to determine the association between social support networks and physical functioning. A cross-sectional study was carried out including a convenience sample of 150 older community-dwelling Mexicans. We assessed the familial, extra-familial and institutional SSNs; social contacts; the activities of daily living (ADL); the instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs); and physical functioning task (PFT) performance among study participants. Of the 150 older subjects, 53 reported living alone (35%), 113 (75%) reported having few SSNs, and 37 (25%) reported having enough SSNs. Persons with few familial SSNs were at increased odds of demonstrating dependence in at least one of the ADL (OR = 3.25, 95% CI 1.06-9.92, < 0.05). Likewise, persons with few institutional SSNs and few social contacts were at increased odds of demonstrating dependence in at least one of the IADL (OR = 6.96, 95% CI 1.57-30.7, < 0.01; OR = 5.02, 95% CI 1.44-17.5, < 0.01, respectively). We also observed that having few extra-familial SSNs and few social contacts were the main risk factors for PFT dependence, with ORs of 3.70 (95% CI 1.21-11.2, < 0.05) and 3.85 (95% CI 1.10-13.5, < 0.05), respectively. Our findings suggest that having few SSNs could be a significant risk factor for reduced physical functioning in older adults.
一些研究已经证明了社会支持网络（SSNs）与健康状况之间的关系。从这个意义上说，身心功能被认为是老年人健康的关键指标。本研究的目的是确定社会支持网络与身体功能之间的关联。我们进行了一项横断面研究，纳入了150名居住在社区的墨西哥老年人作为便利样本。我们评估了家庭、家庭外和机构的社会支持网络；社会交往；日常生活活动（ADL）；工具性日常生活活动（IADL）；以及研究参与者的身体功能任务（PFT）表现。在这150名老年受试者中，53人（35%）报告独居，113人（75%）报告社会支持网络较少，37人（25%）报告有足够的社会支持网络。家庭社会支持网络较少的人在至少一项ADL中表现出依赖的几率增加（OR = 3.25，95% CI 1.06 - 9.92，< 0.05）。同样，机构社会支持网络较少且社会交往较少的人在至少一项IADL中表现出依赖的几率增加（分别为OR = 6.96，95% CI 1.57 - 30.7，< 0.01；OR = 5.02，95% CI 1.44 - 17.5，< 0.01）。我们还观察到，家庭外社会支持网络较少和社会交往较少是PFT依赖的主要危险因素，OR分别为3.70（95% CI 1.21 - 11.2，< 0.05）和3.85（95% CI 1.10 - 13.5，< 0.05）。我们的研究结果表明，社会支持网络较少可能是老年人身体功能下降的一个重要危险因素。
