Wu Di, Si Mengjie, Xue Hui-Yi, Wong Ho-Lun
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Temple University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Int J Nanomedicine. 2017 Aug 16;12:5879-5892. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S123437. eCollection 2017.
Breast cancer is the most common malignant disease in women worldwide, but the current drug therapy is far from optimal as indicated by the high death rate of breast cancer patients. Nanomedicine is a promising alternative for breast cancer treatment. Nanomedicine products such as Doxil and Abraxane have already been extensively used for breast cancer adjuvant therapy with favorable clinical outcomes. However, these products were originally designed for generic anticancer purpose and not specifically for breast cancer treatment. With better understanding of the molecular biology of breast cancer, a number of novel promising nanotherapeutic strategies and devices have been developed in recent years. In this review, we will first give an overview of the current breast cancer treatment and the updated status of nanomedicine use in clinical setting, then discuss the latest important trends in designing breast cancer nanomedicine, including passive and active cancer cell targeting, breast cancer stem cell targeting, tumor microenvironment-based nanotherapy and combination nanotherapy of drug-resistant breast cancer. Researchers may get insight from these strategies to design and develop nanomedicine that is more tailored for breast cancer to achieve further improvements in cancer specificity, antitumorigenic effect, antimetastasis effect and drug resistance reversal effect.
乳腺癌是全球女性中最常见的恶性疾病，但从乳腺癌患者的高死亡率来看，目前的药物治疗远非最佳方案。纳米医学是一种很有前景的乳腺癌治疗替代方法。诸如多西他赛脂质体（Doxil）和白蛋白结合型紫杉醇（Abraxane）等纳米医学产品已被广泛用于乳腺癌辅助治疗，并取得了良好的临床效果。然而，这些产品最初是为通用抗癌目的设计的，并非专门用于乳腺癌治疗。随着对乳腺癌分子生物学的深入了解，近年来已开发出许多新颖且有前景的纳米治疗策略和设备。在这篇综述中，我们将首先概述当前乳腺癌的治疗方法以及纳米医学在临床应用中的最新状况，然后讨论设计乳腺癌纳米医学的最新重要趋势，包括被动和主动癌细胞靶向、乳腺癌干细胞靶向、基于肿瘤微环境的纳米治疗以及耐药性乳腺癌的联合纳米治疗。研究人员可以从这些策略中获得启发，设计和开发更适合乳腺癌的纳米医学，以在癌症特异性、抗肿瘤作用、抗转移作用和耐药逆转作用方面取得进一步改善。
