Bulfon Chiara, Galeotti Marco, Volpatti Donatella
Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences (DI4A), Section of Animal and Veterinary Science, University of Udine, via Sondrio 2/A, 33100, Udine, Italy.
Fish Physiol Biochem. 2018 Feb;44(1):109-117. doi: 10.1007/s10695-017-0417-5. Epub 2017 Sep 1.
The present study was designed to investigate the immunomodulatory effects of Aloe vera, Curcuma longa, Echinacea purpurea, Lavandula officinalis, Origanum vulgare, Panax ginseng, and Rheum officinale extracts on leukocytes purified from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) head kidney. The cells were cultured in a medium containing increasing doses of extracts; afterwards, they were tested for reactive oxygen species production after stimulation with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and proliferation in the presence or absence of phytohemagglutinin from Phaseolus vulgaris (PHA-P). After a 2-h exposure, the extracts of L. officinalis, O. vulgare, and R. officinale strongly reduced the oxidative burst activity of PMA-stimulated leukocytes, in a dose-dependent manner (P ≤ 0.05). A. vera, C. longa, E. purpurea, and P. ginseng extracts reduced this response with lower efficacy and especially at lower concentrations. On the contrary, the highest concentration of ginseng extract stimulated the respiratory burst of leukocytes compared to untreated control cells. After a 72-h exposure, the extracts of L. officinalis, R. officinale, C. longa, E. purpurea, and P. ginseng had a clear dose-dependent stimulatory effect on leukocyte proliferation (P ≤ 0.05). The results suggest that these medicinal plants can be considered as reliable sources of new antioxidants or immunostimulants to be used in aquaculture.
本研究旨在调查芦荟、姜黄、紫锥菊、薰衣草、牛至、人参和大黄提取物对从虹鳟（Oncorhynchus mykiss）头肾中纯化的白细胞的免疫调节作用。将细胞培养在含有递增剂量提取物的培养基中；之后，在用佛波酯肉豆蔻酸酯乙酸盐（PMA）刺激后测试其活性氧生成，并在存在或不存在菜豆（Phaseolus vulgaris）植物血凝素（PHA-P）的情况下测试其增殖情况。暴露2小时后，薰衣草、牛至和大黄的提取物以剂量依赖性方式强烈降低了PMA刺激的白细胞的氧化爆发活性（P≤0.05）。芦荟、姜黄、紫锥菊和人参提取物以较低的效力降低了这种反应，尤其是在较低浓度下。相反，与人参提取物未处理的对照细胞相比，最高浓度的人参提取物刺激了白细胞的呼吸爆发。暴露72小时后，薰衣草、大黄、姜黄、紫锥菊和人参的提取物对白细胞增殖具有明显的剂量依赖性刺激作用（P≤0.05）。结果表明，这些药用植物可被视为水产养殖中使用的新型抗氧化剂或免疫刺激剂的可靠来源。
