Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100875, China.
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Beijing Normal University, Gene Engineering and Biotechnology Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing, 100875, China.
Sci China Life Sci. 2018 Jul;61(7):844-848. doi: 10.1007/s11427-017-9134-6. Epub 2017 Aug 29.
Many patients with diabetes are not diagnosed at all or are diagnosed too late to be effectively treated, resulting in nonspecific symptoms and a long period of incubation of the disease. Pre-diabetes is an early warning signal of diabetes, and the change of urine glucose in this period has been ignored even though urine has long been related with diabetes. In this study, Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats were used to test if there were changes in urine glucose before blood glucose increases. Six 8-week-old male ZDF rats (fa/fa) and Zucker lean (ZL) rats (fa/+) were fed with Purina 5008 high-fat diet and tested for fasting blood glucose and urine glucose. After 12 weeks of feeding, the urine glucose values of the ZL rats were normal (0-10 mmol L), but the values of the ZDF model rats increased 10 weeks before their blood glucose levels elevated. The urine glucose values of the ZDF model rats showed a state of disorder that was frequently elevated (>10 mmol L) and occasionally normal (0-10 mmol L). This finding may provide an easy early screening for diabetes by long-term monitoring of urine glucose levels: pre-diabetes may be revealed by frequently disordered urine glucose levels over a period.
许多糖尿病患者根本没有被诊断出来，或者被诊断得太晚而无法得到有效治疗，导致出现非特异性症状和疾病潜伏期长。糖尿病前期是糖尿病的早期预警信号，尽管尿液与糖尿病长期相关，但这一时期的尿糖变化却被忽视了。在这项研究中，使用 Zucker 糖尿病肥胖（ZDF）大鼠来测试血糖升高前尿液葡萄糖是否发生变化。6 只 8 周龄雄性 ZDF 大鼠（fa/fa）和 Zucker 瘦型（ZL）大鼠（fa/+）喂食 Purina 5008 高脂肪饮食，并检测空腹血糖和尿糖。喂养 12 周后，ZL 大鼠的尿糖值正常（0-10mmol/L），但 ZDF 模型大鼠的血糖水平升高前 10 周就升高了。ZDF 模型大鼠的尿糖值呈现出经常升高（>10mmol/L）且偶尔正常（0-10mmol/L）的紊乱状态。这一发现可能通过长期监测尿糖水平为糖尿病提供一种简单的早期筛查方法：通过一段时间内频繁出现的紊乱尿糖水平可以揭示糖尿病前期。
