University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion regulation (ICPE), The Netherlands; Mental Health Service (GGZ) Friesland, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands.
University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion regulation (ICPE), The Netherlands.
J Affect Disord. 2018 Jan 1;225:474-481. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2017.08.051. Epub 2017 Aug 18.
Increased affective reactivity to daily life stress has been found in individuals with psychosis and depression, and in those at risk for these conditions. Because depressive and psychotic symptoms often co-occur, increased affective reactivity in these disorders may be explained by the presence of depressive symptoms, psychotic symptoms, or both. Therefore, we examined whether affective reactivity to daily stress is related to positive psychotic symptoms, independently of depressive symptoms, and vice versa.
We used data from an intensive sampling study in the general population (n = 411), with three measurements a day (t = 90). The following subjective stressors were assessed: appraisal of activities, appraisal of social interactions, and experienced physical discomfort. Affective reactivity was conceptualized as both the positive affect (PA) and negative affect (NA) response to these stressors. By means of mixed model analyses, it was examined whether affective reactivity was independently related to depressive and/or positive psychotic symptoms.
The PA response to activities and NA response to social interactions were negatively and positively related to depressive symptoms, respectively, independent of psychotic symptoms. In contrast, no (in)dependent association was found between positive psychotic symptoms and affective reactivity to any of the daily life stressors. These findings were confirmed in a subsample with increased symptoms.
The prevalence of positive psychotic symptoms was relatively low in this general population sample.
Increased affect reactivity predicts depressive symptoms, but not positive psychotic symptoms. Affective reactivity may still facilitate the development of psychotic symptomatology via its impact on depressive symptoms.
在精神病患者和抑郁症患者以及有这些疾病风险的人群中，发现他们对日常生活压力的情感反应增加。由于抑郁和精神病症状经常同时出现，这些疾病中情感反应的增加可能是由抑郁症状、精神病症状或两者共同引起的。因此，我们研究了情感对日常生活压力的反应是否与积极的精神病症状有关，而不考虑抑郁症状，反之亦然。
我们使用了一项在普通人群中进行的密集抽样研究的数据（n = 411），每天测量三次（t = 90）。评估了以下主观压力源：对活动的评价、对社会互动的评价和体验到的身体不适。情感反应被概念化为对这些压力源的积极情绪（PA）和消极情绪（NA）反应。通过混合模型分析，研究了情感反应是否与抑郁和/或阳性精神病症状独立相关。
活动的 PA 反应与抑郁症状呈负相关，社会互动的 NA 反应与抑郁症状呈正相关，独立于精神病症状。相比之下，阳性精神病症状与任何一种日常生活压力源的情感反应之间没有（独立的）关联。这些发现在症状加重的亚组中得到了证实。
在这个普通人群样本中，阳性精神病症状的患病率相对较低。
增加的情感反应预测抑郁症状，但不能预测阳性精神病症状。情感反应可能仍然会通过对抑郁症状的影响来促进精神病症状的发展。
