Nourinezhad Jamal, Bamohabat Saleh, Mazaheri Yazdan
Division of Anatomy and Embryology, Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
Ph.D. Student of Anatomy and Embryology, Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2017 Dec;300(12):2250-2262. doi: 10.1002/ar.23683. Epub 2017 Sep 19.
The objective of this study was to clarify the typical architecture and morphological variations of cervical sympathetic trunk (CST) in sheep during fetal period. Components of CST were examined on both sides of 40 male and female sheep fetuses aged from 60 to 140 days under a stereomicroscope. Skeletotopy and frequency of presence of cranial cervical ganglion (CCG), syntopy of cervical ganglia, and composition and topography of vagosympathetic trunk were consistent among specimens whereas the shape of cervical ganglia, the skeletotopy and number of three middle cervical ganglia (MG), and the frequency of communicating branches of CCG to the first cervical spinal nerve exhibited differences during fetal period. A reduction in the number of MG and the caudal movement of main MG were noted by increasing fetal age. Based on these detailed findings, comparative and developmental anatomy and evolutionary changes are discussed and compared with previous studies. The number of MG, skeletotopy of CCG and main MG, the number and range of communicating branches of CCG to spinal nerves, and the association of vagus and sympathetic nerves in fetal sheep were fundamentally different from those of mostly reported species. These results suggest that data obtained from CST of fetal sheep are significantly different from those obtained from humans, and it is problematic to apply them to humans because of the more cranial position of CCG, very narrow contribution of CCG to spinal nerve, absence of the vertebral ganglion, existence of multiple MG, and no communicating branches from MG to spinal nerves. Anat Rec, 300:2250-2262, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
本研究的目的是阐明绵羊胎儿期颈交感干（CST）的典型结构和形态变异。在体视显微镜下，对40只60至140日龄的雄性和雌性绵羊胎儿双侧的CST组成部分进行了检查。标本间颈上神经节（CCG）的骨骼定位和出现频率、颈神经节的毗邻关系以及迷走交感干的组成和局部解剖是一致的，而颈神经节的形状、三个颈中神经节（MG）的骨骼定位和数量，以及CCG与第一颈脊神经交通支的频率在胎儿期存在差异。随着胎龄增加，观察到MG数量减少以及主要MG向尾侧移动。基于这些详细发现，对比较解剖学、发育解剖学和进化变化进行了讨论，并与先前的研究进行了比较。胎儿绵羊中MG的数量、CCG和主要MG的骨骼定位、CCG与脊神经交通支的数量和范围，以及迷走神经和交感神经的关联与大多数已报道物种存在根本差异。这些结果表明，从绵羊胎儿CST获得的数据与从人类获得的数据显著不同，由于CCG位置更靠颅侧、CCG对脊神经的贡献非常狭窄、无椎神经节、存在多个MG以及MG与脊神经无交通支，将其应用于人类存在问题。《解剖学记录》，300:2250 - 2262，2017年。© 2017威利期刊公司。
