Graduate Program in Food Technology, Federal Technological University of Paraná (UTFPR), Medianeira, Paraná, P.O. Box: 271, Postal Code 85.884-000, Brazil.
Department of Food, Federal Technological University of Paraná (UTFPR), Medianeira, Paraná, P.O. Box: 271, Postal Code 85.884-000, Brazil.
Food Res Int. 2017 Sep;99(Pt 3):1028-1035. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2016.11.036. Epub 2016 Dec 2.
Spirulina platensis is considered an alternative and excellent source of protein [46-63% dry basis (DB)], having protein levels comparable to meat and soybeans. Thus, it can be considered an adequate ingredient to supply the necessity of this compound in the food industry. Its carbohydrates (8-14% DB) may also be a useful food ingredient or a potential source of bioenergy. Thus, extracting these compounds from the microalgae biomass will maximize its exploitation. Sonication can completely or partially degrade the microalgal cell wall, providing a useful technique to extract the protein and carbohydrate. This study used a sequential strategy of experimental design (fractional factorial design and central composite rotatable design) to evaluate the protein and carbohydrate extraction from S. platensis defatted biomass using ultrasonic waves and mechanical agitation, under alkaline conditions. The optimal conditions for protein and carbohydrate co-extraction were established by selecting and maximizing the variables that significantly influenced the extraction. The optimized percentages recovery from the extraction process yielded 75.76% protein and 41.52% carbohydrate at 33-40min sonication and 40-55min agitation. The protein fraction may be further concentrated and purified for use in food formulations, and the carbohydrates may be a useful feedstock for bioethanol production.
螺旋藻被认为是一种替代的、极好的蛋白质来源[46-63%干基（DB）]，其蛋白质含量可与肉类和大豆相媲美。因此，它可以被认为是一种足够的成分，可以满足食品工业对这种化合物的需求。其碳水化合物（8-14% DB）也可能是一种有用的食品成分或生物能源的潜在来源。因此，从微藻生物质中提取这些化合物将最大限度地开发其潜力。超声可以完全或部分降解微藻细胞壁，是提取蛋白质和碳水化合物的有用技术。本研究采用实验设计的序贯策略（部分因子设计和中心复合旋转设计），在碱性条件下，用超声波和机械搅拌从螺旋藻脱脂生物质中提取蛋白质和碳水化合物。通过选择和最大化显著影响提取的变量，确定了蛋白质和碳水化合物共提取的最佳条件。在 33-40 分钟的超声处理和 40-55 分钟的搅拌下，从提取过程中得到的优化百分比回收率为 75.76%的蛋白质和 41.52%的碳水化合物。蛋白质部分可以进一步浓缩和纯化，用于食品配方，碳水化合物可以作为生物乙醇生产的有用原料。
