印度常见水稻品种的营养成分与血糖生成潜力的关系

Nutritional composition in relation to glycemic potential of popular Indian rice varieties.

作者信息

Prasad V S S, Hymavathi A, Babu V Ravindra, Longvah T

机构信息

National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Jamai Osmania P.O., Hyderabad 500 007, Telangana, India.

Indian Institute of Rice Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500 030, Telangana, India.

出版信息

Food Chem. 2018 Jan 1;238:29-34. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.03.138. Epub 2017 Mar 24.

DOI:10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.03.138

PMID:28867097

Abstract

Diabetes, a chronic hyperglycemic disorder, is a public health concern in India. High glycemic carbohydrate foods are linked to higher risk of diabetes. The chemical composition and in vivo glycemic potential of popular Indian rice varieties namely Jaya, Lalat, NDR-97, PR-113, Salivahana, Sasyasree, Savithri, Tellahamsa, Triguna, Varalu and one hybrid DRRH-3, having wide agronomical and grain morphological features were studied. Nutrient composition varied prominently among different varieties. Resistant starch (RS) content (2.03-2.91%) correlated negatively with the glycemic index (GI) (r=-0.674; p≤0.05) and contributed for 45.5% of GI variability. Lalat, an aromatic traditional rice variety, with 2.91% RS and 27.9% amylose was the only one eliciting low GI of 50 and glycemic load (GL) of 13 while the rest exhibited GI ranging from 70 by Savitri to 80 by Salivahana. Identification of Lalat as a low GI variety is of significance in the dietary prevention and management of diabetes.

摘要

糖尿病是一种慢性高血糖疾病，在印度是一个公共卫生问题。高血糖碳水化合物食物与患糖尿病的较高风险相关。对具有广泛农艺和籽粒形态特征的印度流行水稻品种，即Jaya、Lalat、NDR - 97、PR - 113、Salivahana、Sasyasree、Savithri、Tellahamsa、Triguna、Varalu以及一个杂交品种DRRH - 3的化学成分和体内血糖生成潜力进行了研究。不同品种之间的营养成分差异显著。抗性淀粉（RS）含量（2.03 - 2.91%）与血糖指数（GI）呈负相关（r = -0.674；p≤0.05），并对GI变异性贡献了45.5%。Lalat是一种芳香型传统水稻品种，RS含量为2.91%，直链淀粉含量为27.9%，是唯一一种血糖指数低至50且血糖负荷（GL）为13的品种，而其他品种的血糖指数范围从Savitri的70到Salivahana的80。将Lalat鉴定为低GI品种对糖尿病的饮食预防和管理具有重要意义。