Hashimoto Koichi, Hosoya Mitsuaki
Fukushima J Med Sci. 2017 Dec 19;63(3):127-134. doi: 10.5387/fms.2017-09. Epub 2017 Sep 1.
Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is one of the most important viral pathogen related to acute lower respiratory infection in young children. The virus surface envelope contains the G, F, and SH proteins as spike proteins. The F protein is considered to be a major antigenic target for the neutralizing (NT) epitope as only the F protein is essential for cell infection among the three viral envelope proteins, and it is more highly conserved than the G protein. Recently, four antigenic targets related to NT activity have been reported;site I, site II, site IV, and site zero (0). Site II is the target for palivizumab used throughout the world to suppress severe RSV infection as passive immunity in high-risk children since 1998. Under the recent conditions in which indications for palivizumab administered subjects are being expanded, palivizumab-resistant mutations have been confirmed overseas in children with RSV infection, although they remain infrequent. Therefore, continuous genetic analysis of the palivizumab-binding region of the F protein is necessary. In addition, as vaccine development progresses, RSV infection control is expected to improve greatly over the next decade.
呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）是导致幼儿急性下呼吸道感染的最重要病毒病原体之一。病毒表面包膜包含G、F和SH蛋白作为刺突蛋白。F蛋白被认为是中和（NT）表位的主要抗原靶点，因为在三种病毒包膜蛋白中只有F蛋白对细胞感染至关重要，并且它比G蛋白具有更高的保守性。最近，已报道了四个与NT活性相关的抗原靶点；位点I、位点II、位点IV和位点零（0）。位点II是自1998年以来全世界用于抑制高危儿童严重RSV感染作为被动免疫的帕利珠单抗的靶点。在帕利珠单抗给药对象的适应症正在扩大的当前情况下，尽管仍不常见，但在海外已在RSV感染儿童中证实了帕利珠单抗耐药突变。因此，对F蛋白的帕利珠单抗结合区域进行持续的基因分析是必要的。此外，随着疫苗研发的进展，预计在未来十年RSV感染控制将大大改善。
