Maron Eduard, Nutt David
Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Center for Neuropsychopharmacology, Division of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK ; Department of Psychiatry, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia ; North Estonia Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, Tallinn, Estonia.
Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Center for Neuropsychopharmacology, Division of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Dialogues Clin Neurosci. 2017 Jun;19(2):147-158. doi: 10.31887/DCNS.2017.19.2/dnutt.
Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a prevalent and highly disabling mental health condition; however, there is still much to learn with regard to pertinent biomarkers, as well as diagnosis, made more difficult by the marked and common overlap of GAD with affective and anxiety disorders. Recently, intensive research efforts have focused on GAD, applying neuroimaging, genetic, and blood-based approaches toward discovery of pathogenetic and treatment-related biomarkers. In this paper, we review the large amount of available data, and we focus in particular on evidence from neuroimaging, genetic, and neurochemical measurements in GAD in order to better understand potential biomarkers involved in its etiology and treatment. Overall, the majority of these studies have produced results that are solitary findings, sometimes inconsistent and not clearly replicable. For these reasons, they have not yet been translated into clinical practice. Therefore, further research efforts are needed to distinguish GAD from other mental disorders and to provide new biological insights into its pathogenesis and treatment.
广泛性焦虑障碍（GAD）是一种常见且极具致残性的心理健康状况；然而，关于相关生物标志物以及诊断仍有许多有待了解之处，GAD与情感障碍和焦虑症存在显著且常见的重叠，这使得诊断更加困难。最近，大量研究工作聚焦于GAD，采用神经影像学、遗传学和基于血液的方法来发现致病和治疗相关的生物标志物。在本文中，我们回顾了大量现有数据，并特别关注GAD中神经影像学、遗传学和神经化学测量的证据，以便更好地理解涉及其病因和治疗的潜在生物标志物。总体而言，这些研究中的大多数得出的结果都是孤立的发现，有时并不一致且难以明确复制。由于这些原因，它们尚未转化为临床实践。因此，需要进一步的研究工作来区分GAD与其他精神障碍，并为其发病机制和治疗提供新的生物学见解。
