a Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry Education, Laboratory of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry , Xiangtan University , Xiangtan , PR China.
b Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Changsha , PR China.
Toxicol Mech Methods. 2018 Mar;28(3):167-176. doi: 10.1080/15376516.2017.1376023. Epub 2017 Nov 22.
Recent study suggested that the presence of phytochemicals in food could interact with nanoparticles (NPs) and consequently reduce the toxicity of NPs, which has been attributed to the antioxidant properties of phytochemicals. In this study, we investigated the interactions between ZnO NPs and two flavonoids baicalein (Ba) or baicalin (Bn) as well as the influence of the interactions on the toxicity of ZnO NPs to Caco-2 cells. The antioxidant properties of Ba and Bn were confirmed by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) assays, with Ba being stronger. However, the presence of Ba or Bn did not significantly affect cytotoxicity, intracellular superoxide or release of inflammatory cytokines of Caco-2 cells after ZnO NP exposure. When Ba was present, the cellular viability of Caco-2 cells after exposure to ZnO NPs was slightly increased, associated with a modest decrease of intracellular Zn ions, but these effects were not statistically different. Ba was more effective than Bn at changing the hydrodynamic sizes, Zeta potential and UV-Vis spectra of ZnO NPs, which indicated that Ba might increase the colloidal stability of NPs. Taken together, the results of the present study indicated that the anti-oxidative phytochemical Ba might only modestly protected Caco-2 cells from the exposure to ZnO NPs associated with an insignificant reduction of the accumulation of intracellular Zn ions. These results also indicated that when assessing the combined effects of NPs and phytochemicals to cells lining gastrointestinal tract, it might be necessary to evaluate the changes of colloidal stability of NPs altered by phytochemicals.
最近的研究表明，食物中的植物化学物质可能与纳米颗粒（NPs）相互作用，从而降低 NPs 的毒性，这归因于植物化学物质的抗氧化特性。在这项研究中，我们研究了 ZnO NPs 与两种类黄酮黄芩素（Ba）或黄芩苷（Bn）之间的相互作用，以及相互作用对 ZnO NPs 对 Caco-2 细胞毒性的影响。通过 1,1-二苯基-2-苦基肼基（DPPH）和 2'-氮杂-双（3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸）（ABTS）测定法证实了 Ba 和 Bn 的抗氧化特性，其中 Ba 的抗氧化特性更强。然而，Ba 或 Bn 的存在并没有显著影响 ZnO NP 暴露后 Caco-2 细胞的细胞毒性、细胞内超氧阴离子或炎症细胞因子的释放。当 Ba 存在时，暴露于 ZnO NPs 后 Caco-2 细胞的细胞活力略有增加，与细胞内 Zn 离子略有减少有关，但这些影响在统计学上没有差异。Ba 比 Bn 更有效地改变 ZnO NPs 的水动力尺寸、Zeta 电位和 UV-Vis 光谱，这表明 Ba 可能增加 NPs 的胶体稳定性。综上所述，本研究结果表明，抗氧化植物化学物质 Ba 可能仅适度保护 Caco-2 细胞免受 ZnO NPs 的暴露，同时与细胞内 Zn 离子积累的显著减少无关。这些结果还表明，在评估 NPs 和植物化学物质对胃肠道衬里细胞的联合效应时，可能有必要评估植物化学物质改变的 NPs 胶体稳定性的变化。
