Temple University.
King Abdulaziz University.
Child Dev. 2017 Sep;88(5):1598-1614. doi: 10.1111/cdev.12655. Epub 2016 Nov 7.
According to the dual systems model of adolescent risk taking, sensation seeking and impulse control follow different developmental trajectories across adolescence and are governed by two different brain systems. The authors tested whether different underlying processes also drive age differences in reward approach and cost avoidance. Using a modified Iowa Gambling Task in a multinational, cross-sectional sample of 3,234 adolescents (ages 9-17; M = 12.87, SD = 2.36), pubertal maturation, but not age, predicted reward approach, mediated through higher sensation seeking. In contrast, age, but not pubertal maturation, predicted increased cost avoidance, mediated through greater impulse control. These findings add to evidence that adolescent behavior is best understood as the product of two interacting, but independently developing, brain systems.
根据青少年风险行为的双重系统模型，感觉寻求和冲动控制在青少年时期遵循不同的发展轨迹，由两个不同的大脑系统控制。作者测试了不同的潜在过程是否也会导致奖励接近和成本回避的年龄差异。使用改良的爱荷华赌博任务，对来自 3234 名青少年（年龄 9-17 岁；M=12.87，SD=2.36）的跨国、横断面样本进行测试，青春期成熟度而不是年龄预测了奖励接近，这是通过更高的感觉寻求来介导的。相比之下，年龄而不是青春期成熟度预测了成本回避的增加，这是通过更强的冲动控制来介导的。这些发现增加了证据，表明青少年的行为最好被理解为两个相互作用但独立发展的大脑系统的产物。
