Chaimanee V, Thongtue U, Sornmai N, Songsri S, Pettis J S
Department of Biotechnology, Maejo University Phrae Campus, Phrae, Thailand.
Department of Chemistry, Maejo University Phrae Campus, Phrae, Thailand.
J Appl Microbiol. 2017 Nov;123(5):1160-1167. doi: 10.1111/jam.13579. Epub 2017 Oct 13.
To explore alternative nonchemical control measures against two honeybee pathogens, Paenibacillus larvae and Ascosphaera apis, 37 plant species were screened for antimicrobial activity.
The activity of selected plant extracts was screened using an in vitro disc diffusion assay and the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined by the broth microdilution method. The results showed that 36 plant extracts had some antibacterial activity on P. larvae by disc diffusion assay. Chromolaena odorata showed the greatest antibacterial activity against P. larvae (MIC 16-64 μg ml ). Of the 37 tested plants, only seven species, Amomum krervanh, Allium sativum, Cinnamomum sp., Piper betle, Piper ribesioides, Piper sarmentosum and Syzygium aromaticum had inhibitory effects on A. apis (MICs of 32-64 μg ml ). The results demonstrated that promising plant extracts were not toxic to adult bees at the concentrations used in this study.
The results demonstrate the potential antimicrobial activity of natural products against honeybee diseases caused by P. larvae and A. apis. Chromolaena odorata in particular showed high bioactivity against P. larvae. Further study is recommended to develop these nonchemical treatments against American foulbrood and chalkbrood in honeybees.
This work proposes new natural products for the control of American foulbrood and chalkbrood in honeybees.
为探索针对两种蜜蜂病原体——幼虫芽孢杆菌和蜜蜂球囊菌的非化学防治措施，对37种植物进行了抗菌活性筛选。
采用体外纸片扩散法筛选所选植物提取物的活性，并通过肉汤微量稀释法测定最低抑菌浓度（MIC）。结果表明，36种植物提取物通过纸片扩散法对幼虫芽孢杆菌具有一定抗菌活性。飞机草对幼虫芽孢杆菌显示出最大抗菌活性（MIC为16 - 64μg/ml）。在37种受试植物中，只有砂仁、大蒜、樟属植物、蒌叶、毛蒌、假蒌和丁香7种植物对蜜蜂球囊菌有抑制作用（MIC为32 - 64μg/ml）。结果表明，在本研究使用的浓度下，有前景的植物提取物对成年蜜蜂无毒。
结果证明了天然产物对由幼虫芽孢杆菌和蜜蜂球囊菌引起的蜜蜂疾病具有潜在抗菌活性。特别是飞机草对幼虫芽孢杆菌显示出高生物活性。建议进一步研究开发这些针对蜜蜂美洲幼虫腐臭病和白垩病的非化学处理方法。
本研究为蜜蜂美洲幼虫腐臭病和白垩病的防治提出了新的天然产物。
