Frizzell Kaela H, Cavanaugh Priscilla K, Herman Martin J
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, 4170 City Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19131, USA.
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Drexel University College of Medicine, St. Christopher's Hospital for Children, 160 East Erie Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19134, USA.
Orthop Clin North Am. 2017 Oct;48(4):467-480. doi: 10.1016/j.ocl.2017.06.007. Epub 2017 Aug 16.
Effective perioperative pain control in pediatric patients undergoing orthopedic surgery remains a challenge. Developing a successful pain control regimen begins preoperatively with assessment of the patient and discussion with the patient and family regarding expectations. Perioperative pain control regimens are customized based on the type of surgery, patient characteristics, and anticipated severity and duration of the postoperative pain. Recent study focuses on multimodal strategies and regional anesthesia options, allowing for decreased opioid use. This article provides an evidence-based overview of preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative pain control for the pediatric orthopedic patient.
对于接受骨科手术的儿科患者而言，有效的围手术期疼痛控制仍然是一项挑战。制定成功的疼痛控制方案始于术前对患者的评估以及与患者及其家属就预期情况进行的讨论。围手术期疼痛控制方案是根据手术类型、患者特征以及术后疼痛的预期严重程度和持续时间量身定制的。最近的研究聚焦于多模式策略和区域麻醉选择，从而减少阿片类药物的使用。本文提供了关于儿科骨科患者术前、术中和术后疼痛控制的循证概述。
