Kamdem Félicité, Kedy Koum Danielle, Hamadou Ba, Yemdji Mélanie, Luma Henry, Doualla Marie Solange, Noukeu Diomède, Barla Esther, Akazong Christophe, Dzudie Anastase, Ngote Henry, Monkam Yves, Mouliom Sidiki, Kingue Samuel
Internal Medicine Service, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon.
Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon.
Congenit Heart Dis. 2018 Jan;13(1):113-117. doi: 10.1111/chd.12529. Epub 2017 Sep 4.
Cardiovascular diseases in pediatric pathologies have emerged in the recent years in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), with congenital heart diseases (CHDs) being the most frequent. Unfortunately, their diagnosis is usually delayed, thereby increasing childhood morbidity and mortality.
Describe the clinical, echocardiographic, and therapeutic aspects of CHDs of children at Douala General Hospital.
We carried out a cross-sectional descriptive study over a 10-year period, from January 2006 to December 2015. Files and reports of cardiac ultrasounds of patients aged ≤ 15 years were reviewed.
We reviewed the medical records of 1616 children, of which 370 (22.9%) had CHD. The age range was 1 day to 15 years, with a mean of 26 months. Heart murmur was the most frequent clinical sign, seen in 72.3% of the cases. CHD with left-to-right shunt was seen in 61.8%, with ventricular septal defect being the most common (29.8% of all cases). The second most common CHDs were those due to obstruction (20.4%), mainly pulmonary stenosis (19.6% of all cases). Cyanogenic CHDs accounted for 17.8% of cases, dominated by tetralogy of Fallot (7.4% of all cases). Indications for surgical treatment was found in 171 (46.2%) patients, but due to financial constraints, only 48 (28.1%) patients were operated. Among those who underwent surgery, 66.7% were operated abroad, and Humanitarian organizations financed the surgical management of 58.3% of those operated.
CHDs are seen in one out of five children seen in the pediatric cardiology unit of our Hospital for suspected heart disease. Most cases are diagnosed late in life as toddlers. The rate of surgical correction remains low due to financial constraints, with most cases operated abroad with the assistance of Humanitarian organizations.
近年来，撒哈拉以南非洲地区（SSA）儿童心血管疾病有所增加，其中先天性心脏病（CHD）最为常见。不幸的是，其诊断通常会延迟，从而增加儿童发病率和死亡率。
描述杜阿拉综合医院儿童先天性心脏病的临床、超声心动图及治疗方面的情况。
我们在2006年1月至2015年12月的10年期间开展了一项横断面描述性研究。回顾了年龄≤15岁患者的心脏超声检查档案和报告。
我们查阅了1616名儿童的病历，其中370名（22.9%）患有先天性心脏病。年龄范围为1天至15岁，平均年龄为26个月。心脏杂音是最常见的临床体征，72.3%的病例出现该体征。左向右分流的先天性心脏病占61.8%，室间隔缺损最为常见（占所有病例的29.8%）。第二常见的先天性心脏病是梗阻性疾病（20.4%），主要是肺动脉狭窄（占所有病例的19.6%）。青紫型先天性心脏病占病例的17.8%，以法洛四联症为主（占所有病例的7.4%）。171名（46.2%）患者有手术治疗指征，但由于经济限制，仅48名（28.1%）患者接受了手术。在接受手术的患者中，66.7%在国外接受手术，58.3%接受手术治疗的患者由人道主义组织资助。
在我院儿科心脏病科因疑似心脏病就诊的儿童中，五分之一患有先天性心脏病。大多数病例在幼儿期才被诊断出来。由于经济限制，手术矫正率仍然较低，大多数病例在国外接受手术，且有人道主义组织的协助。
