Salinas Sara, Constant Orianne, Desmetz Caroline, Barthelemy Jonathan, Lemaitre Jean-Marc, Milhavet Ollivier, Nagot Nicolas, Foulongne Vincent, Perrin Florence E, Saiz Juan-Carlos, Lecollinet Sylvie, Van de Perre Philippe, Simonin Yannick
Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, Université de Montpellier, INSERM, EFS, Montpellier, France.
BioCommunication en CardioMétabolique (BC2M), Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2017 Sep 5;11(9):e0005913. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005913. eCollection 2017 Sep.
In the last decade, the number of emerging Flaviviruses described worldwide has increased considerably. Among them Zika virus (ZIKV) and Usutu virus (USUV) are African mosquito-borne viruses that recently emerged. Recently, ZIKV has been intensely studied due to major outbreaks associated with neonatal death and birth defects, as well as neurological symptoms. USUV pathogenesis remains largely unexplored, despite significant human and veterinary associated disorders. Circulation of USUV in Africa was documented more than 50 years ago, and it emerged in Europe two decades ago, causing massive bird mortality. More recently, USUV has been described to be associated with neurological disorders in humans such as encephalitis and meningoencephalitis, highlighting USUV as a potential health threat. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of USUV to infect neuronal cells. Our results indicate that USUV efficiently infects neurons, astrocytes, microglia and IPSc-derived human neuronal stem cells. When compared to ZIKV, USUV led to a higher infection rate, viral production, as well as stronger cell death and anti-viral response. Our results highlight the need to better characterize the physiopathology related to USUV infection in order to anticipate the potential threat of USUV emergence.
在过去十年中，全球范围内新发现的黄病毒数量大幅增加。其中，寨卡病毒（ZIKV）和乌苏图病毒（USUV）是最近出现的非洲蚊媒病毒。最近，由于与新生儿死亡、出生缺陷以及神经症状相关的重大疫情，寨卡病毒受到了深入研究。尽管存在重大的人类和兽医相关疾病，但乌苏图病毒的发病机制在很大程度上仍未得到探索。50多年前就有记录显示乌苏图病毒在非洲传播，20年前它在欧洲出现，导致大量鸟类死亡。最近，有报道称乌苏图病毒与人类的神经疾病如脑炎和脑膜脑炎有关，这凸显了乌苏图病毒作为一种潜在健康威胁的严重性。本研究的目的是评估乌苏图病毒感染神经元细胞的能力。我们的结果表明，乌苏图病毒能有效感染神经元、星形胶质细胞、小胶质细胞和诱导多能干细胞衍生的人类神经干细胞。与寨卡病毒相比，乌苏图病毒导致更高的感染率、病毒产生量，以及更强的细胞死亡和抗病毒反应。我们的结果强调，需要更好地描述与乌苏图病毒感染相关的病理生理学特征，以便预测乌苏图病毒出现的潜在威胁。
