Phelps Quinton E, Tripp Sara J, Bales Kyle R, James Daniel, Hrabik Robert A, Herzog David P
West Virginia University, Division of Forestry and Natural Resources, 322 Percival Hall Morgantown, WV.
Missouri Department of Conservation, 3815 East Jackson Boulevard, Jackson, Missouri.
PLoS One. 2017 Sep 5;12(9):e0184081. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184081. eCollection 2017.
Numerous studies throughout North America allege deleterious associations among invasive Asian Carp and native fishes; however, no empirical evidence on a system-wide scale exists. We used Mississippi River Basin fish community data collected by the Long Term Resource Monitoring program and the Missouri Department of Conservation to evaluate possible interaction between Asian Carp and native fishes. Results from two decades of long-term monitoring throughout much of the Mississippi River suggest that Silver Carp relative abundance has increased while relative abundance (Bigmouth Buffalo [F 3, 8240 = 6.44, P<0.01] and Gizzard Shad [F 3, 8240 = 31.04, P<0.01]) and condition (Bigmouth Buffalo [slope = -0.11; t = -1.71; P = 0.1014] and Gizzard Shad [slope = -0.39; t = -3.02; P = 0.0073]) of native planktivores have declined. Floodplain lake qualitative evaluations yielded similar results; floodplain lake fish communities were likely altered (i.e., reductions in native species) by Silver Carp. Furthermore, laboratory experiments corroborated field evidence; Silver Carp negatively influence native planktivores through competition for prey (all comparisons, P > 0.05). To this end, this study provides evidence that Silver Carp are likely adversely influencing native fishes; however, mere presence of Silver Carp in the system does not induce deleterious effects on native fishes. To the best of our knowledge, this evaluation is the first to describe the effects of Asian Carp throughout the Mississippi River Basin and could be used to reduce the effects of Asian Carp on native biota through an integrated pest management program as suggested by congressional policy. Despite the simplicity of the data analyzed and approach used, this study provides a framework for beginning to identify the interactions of invasive fish pests on native fishes (i.e., necessary first step of integrated pest management). However, knowledge gaps remain. We suggest future efforts should conduct more in depth analyses (i.e., multivariate statistical approaches) that investigate the influence on all native species.
北美各地的大量研究称，入侵的亚洲鲤鱼与本地鱼类之间存在有害关联；然而，目前尚无全系统范围的实证证据。我们利用长期资源监测项目和密苏里州保护部收集的密西西比河流域鱼类群落数据，来评估亚洲鲤鱼与本地鱼类之间可能存在的相互作用。在密西西比河大部分区域进行的长达二十年的长期监测结果表明，鲢鱼的相对丰度有所增加，而本地食浮游生物鱼类的相对丰度（大口牛胭脂鱼[F 3, 8240 = 6.44, P<0.01]和遮目鱼[F 3, 8240 = 31.04, P<0.01]）以及状况（大口牛胭脂鱼[斜率 = -0.11；t = -1.71；P = 0.1014]和遮目鱼[斜率 = -0.39；t = -3.02；P = 那么，本研究提供了证据表明鲢鱼可能正在对本地鱼类产生不利影响；然而，仅仅是鲢鱼出现在该系统中并不会对本地鱼类造成有害影响。据我们所知，这项评估是首次描述亚洲鲤鱼在整个密西西比河流域所产生的影响，并且可以按照国会政策所建议的那样，通过综合虫害管理计划来减轻亚洲鲤鱼对本地生物群系的影响。尽管所分析的数据和采用的方法较为简单，但本研究提供了一个框架，以便开始识别入侵性有害鱼类与本地鱼类之间的相互作用（即综合虫害管理的必要第一步）。然而，知识空白仍然存在。我们建议未来的工作应进行更深入的分析（即多变量统计方法），以研究对所有本地物种的影响。 0.0073]）却有所下降。泛洪区湖泊的定性评估也得出了类似结果；泛洪区湖泊的鱼类群落很可能因鲢鱼而发生了改变（即本地物种减少）。此外，实验室实验证实了实地证据；鲢鱼通过对猎物的竞争对本地食浮游生物鱼类产生负面影响（所有比较，P > 0.05）。
