Tillier Anne-Marie, Sirakov Nikolay, Guadelli Aleta, Fernandez Philippe, Sirakova Svoboda, Dimitrova Irena, Ferrier Catherine, Guérin Guillaume, Heidari Maryam, Krumov Ivailo, Leblanc Jean-Claude, Miteva Viviana, Popov Vasil, Taneva Stanimira, Guadelli Jean-Luc
PACEA-UMR5199 CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Allée Geoffroy Saint Hilaire, Bâtiment B8, CS50023, 33615 Pessac Cedex, France.
National Institute of Archaeology with Museum-Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2, Saborna Street, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria.
J Hum Evol. 2017 Oct;111:54-62. doi: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2017.06.002. Epub 2017 Jul 29.
Excavations conducted by a Bulgarian-French team at Kozarnika Cave (Balkans, Bulgaria) during several seasons yielded a long Paleolithic archaeological sequence and led to the discovery of important faunal, lithic, and human samples. This paper aims to describe the unpublished radius shaft of an infant who died approximately before the sixth month postnatal that was recovered from layer 10b, which contained East Balkan Levallois Mousterian with bifacial leaf points. The layer was dated between 130 and 200 ka (large mammals biochronology) and between 128 ± 13 ka and 183 ± 14 ka (OSL), i.e. OIS6. Here we show that, given the scarcity of Middle Pleistocene infant remains in general, and Middle Paleolithic human remains from this part of Eastern Europe in particular, the study of the Kozarnika specimen is of special interest. We discuss its place in the Middle Pleistocene European hominine record and substantiate the hypothesis of early Neanderthal presence in the eastern Balkans.
一个保加利亚-法国团队在多个季节里对科扎尔尼卡洞穴（位于保加利亚巴尔干地区）进行了发掘，获得了一段漫长的旧石器时代考古序列，并发现了重要的动物、石器和人类样本。本文旨在描述从第10b层出土的一名约在出生后六个月前死亡的婴儿的未发表的桡骨骨干，该层包含带有双面叶形尖状器的东巴尔干勒瓦娄哇-莫斯特文化。该层的年代在13万年至20万年之间（大型哺乳动物生物年代学）以及12.8±1.3万年至18.3±1.4万年之间（光释光测年），即氧同位素阶段6。我们在此表明，鉴于中更新世婴儿遗骸总体上较为稀少，尤其是来自东欧这一地区的旧石器时代中期人类遗骸稀缺，对科扎尔尼卡标本进行研究具有特殊意义。我们讨论了它在中更新世欧洲古人类记录中的地位，并证实了早期尼安德特人出现在巴尔干东部的假说。
