Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Delegación Coyoacán, Mexico City, Mexico.
Centro de Enseñanza, Investigación y Extensión en Producción Animal en Altiplano, Querétaro, Mexico.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2017 Oct 24;61(11). doi: 10.1128/AAC.01285-17. Print 2017 Nov.
A trial on Syrian hamsters () infected with serovar was established to compare treatment efficacies of daily intramuscular (i.m.) injections of either 10 mg/kg of 5% enrofloxacin (Baytril [BE]; Bayer Animal Health, Mexico) or the same dose of enrofloxacin hydrochloride-dihydrate (enro-C). Hamsters were experimentally infected via the oral submucosa with 400 microorganisms/animal, in a sequential time schedule aligned to the initial treatment day, and were treated in groups as follows: a group treated with 5% enrofloxacin daily for 7 days after 24 h of infection (group BE); a group treated as described for group BE but with enro-C (enro-C); a group also treated with 5% enrofloxacin but starting at 72 h after infection (BE); a group treated as described for group BE but with injection of enro-C (enro-C). An untreated-uninfected control group (group CG) and an infected-untreated control group (group CG) were assembled ( = 18 in all groups). Weights and temperatures of the hamsters were monitored daily for 28 days. After hamsters were euthanatized or following death, necropsy, histopathology, macroscopic agglutination tests (MAT), bacterial culture, and PCR were performed. The mortality rates were 38.8% in group BE and 100% in group BE No mortality was observed in group enro-C, and 11.1% mortality was recorded in group enro-C The mortality rates in groups CG and CG were 100% and zero, respectively. Combined necropsy and histopathologic findings revealed signs of septicemia and organ damage in groups BE, BE, and CG Groups enro-C and CG showed no lesions. Moderated lesions were registered in 3 hamsters in group enro-C MAT results were positive in 83.3% of BE hamsters (83.3%) and 100% of BE and CG hamsters; MAT results were positive in 16.7% in group Enro-C and 38.9% in group enro-C Only 4/18 were PCR positive in group enro-C and only 1 in group enro-C ( < 0.05). It can be concluded that enro-C may be a viable option to treat leptospirosis in hamsters and that this may be the case in other species.
建立了叙利亚仓鼠（）感染 血清型 的试验，以比较每日肌内（i.m.）注射 10 mg/kg 5%恩诺沙星（拜有利[BE]；拜耳动物保健，墨西哥）或相同剂量盐酸恩诺沙星二水合物（enro-C）的治疗效果。仓鼠通过口腔黏膜下以每只动物 400 个微生物的顺序进行实验感染，与初始治疗日对齐的时间顺序，并分组进行治疗：一组在感染后 24 小时内每天用 5%恩诺沙星治疗 7 天（BE 组）；一组按 BE 组描述进行治疗，但用 enro-C（enro-C）治疗；一组也在感染后 72 小时开始用 5%恩诺沙星治疗（BE 组）；一组按 BE 组描述进行治疗，但注射 enro-C（enro-C）。还组装了未治疗未感染对照组（CG 组）和感染未治疗对照组（CG 组）（每组 = 18）。监测仓鼠的体重和体温，持续 28 天。在仓鼠安乐死或死亡后，进行尸检、组织病理学检查、宏观凝集试验（MAT）、细菌培养和 PCR。BE 组的死亡率为 38.8%，BE 组为 100%。enro-C 组未观察到死亡，enro-C 组的死亡率为 11.1%。CG 组和 CG 组的死亡率分别为 100%和 0%。联合尸检和组织病理学检查结果显示 BE、BE 和 CG 组败血症和器官损伤的迹象。enro-C 组和 CG 组无病变。enro-C 组的 3 只仓鼠有中度病变，BE 仓鼠的 MAT 结果为 83.3%（83.3%），BE 和 CG 仓鼠的 MAT 结果为 100%；enro-C 组的 MAT 结果为 16.7%，enro-C 组的 MAT 结果为 38.9%。enro-C 组仅 4/18 为 PCR 阳性，enro-C 组仅 1 为 PCR 阳性（<0.05）。可以得出结论，enro-C 可能是治疗仓鼠钩端螺旋体病的可行选择，在其他物种中也可能如此。
