Pandhi P, Sharma P L
Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther Toxicol. 1987 Jun;25(6):297-300.
Comparative efficacy of cardioselective beta-adrenoceptor blocker (atenolol), non cardioselective beta-adrenoceptor blocker (propranolol), alpha-adrenoceptor blocker (prazosin) and combined alpha plus beta-adrenoceptor blocking agent (labetalol) on cold stress and hand grip exercise-induced increase in arterial blood pressure and heart rate was studied in 7 healthy volunteers. The design of the trial was controlled, randomized, double blind and crossover. All the 4 drugs produced a fall in both supine and sitting systolic as well as diastolic blood pressure. Basal heart rate was reduced by propranolol and atenolol whereas prazosin and labetalol did not produce any change. The increase in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure induced by cold stress was significantly (p less than 0.01) reduced by labetalol, prazosin and atenolol in the decreasing order of efficacy. The increase in systolic blood pressure due to hand grip exercise was reduced significantly (p less than 0.05) by all the 4 drugs and the most effective drug was labetalol. However, the increase in diastolic blood pressure due to hand grip exercise was not reduced significantly by any of the drugs. Therefore, combined alpha and beta-receptor antagonist is more effective in reducing the spikes of blood pressure rise due to these stressful conditions as compared to pure alpha or beta-adrenoceptor antagonists.
在7名健康志愿者中研究了心脏选择性β肾上腺素受体阻滞剂（阿替洛尔）、非心脏选择性β肾上腺素受体阻滞剂（普萘洛尔）、α肾上腺素受体阻滞剂（哌唑嗪）以及α加β肾上腺素受体联合阻滞剂（拉贝洛尔）对冷应激和握力运动引起的动脉血压和心率升高的比较疗效。试验设计为对照、随机、双盲和交叉试验。所有4种药物均使仰卧位和坐位的收缩压及舒张压下降。普萘洛尔和阿替洛尔降低了基础心率，而哌唑嗪和拉贝洛尔未产生任何变化。冷应激引起的收缩压和舒张压升高在疗效递减顺序上被拉贝洛尔、哌唑嗪和阿替洛尔显著降低（p<0.01）。握力运动引起的收缩压升高被所有4种药物显著降低（p<0.05），最有效的药物是拉贝洛尔。然而，握力运动引起的舒张压升高未被任何一种药物显著降低。因此，与单纯的α或β肾上腺素受体拮抗剂相比，α和β受体联合拮抗剂在降低这些应激状态引起的血压升高峰值方面更有效。
