Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Unit of Molecular Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200025, China.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2017;1011:153-162. doi: 10.1007/978-94-024-1170-6_4.
Tissue-resident immune cells play critical roles in regulating tissue function and homeostasis. Obesity-associated visceral adipose tissue inflammation is attributed to the accumulation of M1 macrophages which produce inflammatory cytokines like TNF-α, IL-6, and expansion of effector T cells like Th1 cells, CD8 cytotoxic T cells which produce interferon-γ to further add to the severity of inflammation in the visceral adipose tissue. Regulatory T cells have been reported to exert key roles in suppressing inflammation, thus maintaining the homeostasis of immune responses, and visceral adipose Tregs exert critical roles in defending against obesity-associated metabolic disorders. They inhibit the infiltration of effector T cells and facilitate the reconstitution of adipose tissue macrophages from M1 to M2 phenotype. What is more, they can take up lipids from the adipocytes through CD36 which is driven by PPARγ. Here we review the recent progress in adipose tissue-resident regulatory T cells (Tregs), a subpopulation of CD4 T cells which suppress adipose tissue inflammation.
组织驻留免疫细胞在调节组织功能和稳态方面发挥着关键作用。与肥胖相关的内脏脂肪组织炎症归因于 M1 巨噬细胞的积累，M1 巨噬细胞产生 TNF-α、IL-6 等炎症细胞因子，并扩增效应 T 细胞，如产生干扰素-γ的 Th1 细胞和 CD8 细胞毒性 T 细胞，进一步加剧内脏脂肪组织的炎症。调节性 T 细胞被报道在抑制炎症方面发挥关键作用，从而维持免疫反应的稳态，内脏脂肪组织中的 Tregs 对于抵抗与肥胖相关的代谢紊乱至关重要。它们抑制效应 T 细胞的浸润，并促进脂肪组织巨噬细胞从 M1 表型向 M2 表型的重建。更重要的是，它们可以通过 PPARγ 驱动的 CD36 从脂肪细胞中摄取脂质。在这里，我们综述了最近在脂肪组织驻留调节性 T 细胞（Tregs）方面的进展，Tregs 是 CD4 T 细胞的一个亚群，它可以抑制脂肪组织炎症。
