Barata Germana, Caldas Graça, Gascoigne Toss
Laboratory of Advanced Studies in Journalism, State University of Campinas/UNICAMP, Rua Seis de Agosto, 50, 13088-873 Campinas, SP, Brazil.
Visiting Scholar, Australian National Centre for the Public Awareness of Science, Australian National University, 56 Vasey Cres, Campbell, Act 2612, Australia.
An Acad Bras Cienc. 2018 Aug;90(2 suppl 1):2523-2542. doi: 10.1590/0001-3765201720160822. Epub 2017 Aug 31.
Science communication has emerged as a new field over the last 50 years, and its progress has been marked by a rise in jobs, training courses, research, associations, conferences and publications. This paper describes science communication internationally and the trends and challenges it faces, before looking at the national level. We have documented science communication activities in Brazil, the training courses, research, financial support and associations/societies. By analyzing the publication of papers, dissertations and theses we have tracked the growth of this field, and compared the level of activity in Brazil with other countries. Brazil has boosted its national research publications since 2002, with a bigger contribution from postgraduate programs in education and communication, but compared to its national research activity Brazil has only a small international presence in science communication. The language barrier, the tradition of publishing in national journals and the solid roots in education are some of the reasons for that. Brazil could improve its international participation, first by considering collaborations within Latin America. International publication is dominated by the USA and the UK. There is a need to take science communication to the next level by developing more sophisticated tools for conceptualizing and analyzing science communication, and Brazil can be part of that.
在过去50年里，科学传播已成为一个新领域，其发展历程的标志是相关工作岗位、培训课程、研究、协会、会议及出版物数量的增加。本文先介绍国际层面的科学传播及其面临的趋势与挑战，然后再探讨国家层面的情况。我们记录了巴西的科学传播活动，包括培训课程、研究、资金支持以及协会/学会等方面。通过分析论文、学位论文和学术论文的发表情况，我们追踪了该领域的发展，并将巴西的活动水平与其他国家进行了比较。自2002年以来，巴西增加了国内研究出版物的数量，教育与传播领域的研究生项目贡献较大，但与国内研究活动相比，巴西在科学传播领域的国际影响力较小。语言障碍、在国内期刊发表论文的传统以及教育领域的深厚根基是造成这种情况的部分原因。巴西可以通过考虑与拉丁美洲内部开展合作来提高其国际参与度。国际出版物主要由美国和英国主导。有必要通过开发更复杂的工具来概念化和分析科学传播，将科学传播提升到一个新水平，而巴西可以参与其中。
