Yurkevich Olga Y, Kirov Ilya V, Bolsheva Nadezhda L, Rachinskaya Olga A, Grushetskaya Zoya E, Zoschuk Svyatoslav A, Samatadze Tatiana E, Bogdanova Marina V, Lemesh Valentina A, Amosova Alexandra V, Muravenko Olga V
Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of SciencesMoscow, Russia.
Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of SciencesMoscow, Russia.
Front Plant Sci. 2017 Aug 23;8:1467. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01467. eCollection 2017.
Flax, L., is a valuable multi-purpose plant, and currently, its genome is being extensively investigated. Nevertheless, mapping of genes in flax genome is still remaining a challenging task. The cellulose synthase () multigene family involving in the process of cellulose synthesis is especially important for metabolism of this fiber crop. For the first time, fluorescent hybridization (FISH)-based chromosomal localization of the conserved fragment (KF011584.1), 5S, and 26S rRNA genes was performed in landrace, oilseed, and fiber varieties of . Intraspecific polymorphism in chromosomal distribution of KF011584.1 and 5S DNA loci was revealed, and the generalized chromosome ideogram was constructed. Using BLAST analysis, available data on physical/genetic mapping and also whole-genome sequencing of flax, localization of KF011584.1, 45S, and 5S rRNA sequences on genomic scaffolds, and their anchoring to the genetic map were conducted. The alignment of the results of FISH and BLAST analyses indicated that KF011584.1 fragment revealed on chromosome 3 could be anchored to linkage group (LG) 11. The common LG for 45S and 5S rDNA was not found probably due to the polymorphic localization of 5S rDNA on chromosome 1. Our findings indicate the complexity of integration of physical, genetic, and cytogenetic mapping data for multicopy gene families in plants. Nevertheless, the obtained results can be useful for future progress in constructing of integrated physical/genetic/cytological maps in which are essential for flax breeding.
亚麻（Linum usitatissimum L.）是一种有价值的多用途植物，目前其基因组正在被广泛研究。然而，亚麻基因组中的基因定位仍然是一项具有挑战性的任务。参与纤维素合成过程的纤维素合酶（CesA）多基因家族对于这种纤维作物的代谢尤为重要。首次在亚麻的地方品种、油用品种和纤维品种中对保守片段（KF011584.1）、5S和26S rRNA基因进行了基于荧光原位杂交（FISH）的染色体定位。揭示了KF011584.1和5S DNA位点在染色体分布上的种内多态性，并构建了通用的染色体 ideogram。利用BLAST分析，开展了关于亚麻物理/遗传图谱以及全基因组测序的现有数据、KF011584.1、45S和5S rRNA序列在基因组支架上的定位及其在遗传图谱上的锚定。FISH和BLAST分析结果的比对表明，在3号染色体上发现的KF011584.1片段可以锚定到连锁群（LG）11上。未发现45S和5S rDNA的共同LG，可能是由于5S rDNA在1号染色体上的多态性定位。我们的研究结果表明了植物中多拷贝基因家族物理、遗传和细胞遗传图谱数据整合的复杂性。然而，所获得的结果对于亚麻育种必不可少的亚麻综合物理/遗传/细胞学图谱构建的未来进展可能是有用的。
