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呼肠孤病毒通过将 IRF3 隔离到病毒工厂中来抑制干扰素的产生。

Reovirus inhibits interferon production by sequestering IRF3 into viral factories.

机构信息

Department of Infectious Diseases, Virology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.

Schaller research group at CellNetworks and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Research Group "Cellular polarity and viral infection" (F140), Heidelberg, Germany.

出版信息

Sci Rep. 2017 Sep 7;7(1):10873. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-11469-6.

Abstract

Upon viral infection, an arms-race between the cellular intrinsic innate immune system and viral replication is established. To win this race, viruses have established multiple strategies to inhibit the cellular response. Mammalian reovirus (MRV) constitutes a great model to study pathogenesis and life cycle of dsRNA viruses. It replicates in the cytosol of infected cells by forming viral induced-replication compartments, or viral factories. Little is known about the strategy used by MRV to evade the cellular intrinsic immune system. In this study, we unraveled that MRV induces a replication-dependent global reduction in interferon-mediated antiviral immune response. We determined that although MRV leads to the activation and phosphorylation of interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3), the nuclear translocation of IRF3 was impaired in infected cells. Additionally, we showed that MRV does not degrade IRF3 but sequesters it in cytoplasmic viral factories. We demonstrate that the viral factory matrix protein μNS is solely responsible for the sequestration of IRF3. This finding highlights novel mechanisms used by MRV to interfere with the intrinsic immune system and places the viral factories as not only a replication compartment but as an active strategy participating in immune evasion.

摘要

在病毒感染后,细胞固有先天免疫系统和病毒复制之间会建立一场军备竞赛。为了赢得这场竞赛,病毒已经建立了多种策略来抑制细胞反应。哺乳动物呼肠孤病毒 (MRV) 是研究双链 RNA 病毒发病机制和生命周期的理想模型。它通过形成病毒诱导的复制区或病毒工厂在受感染细胞的细胞质中复制。目前尚不清楚 MRV 用来逃避细胞固有免疫系统的策略。在这项研究中,我们揭示了 MRV 诱导依赖于复制的干扰素介导抗病毒免疫反应的全面降低。我们确定,尽管 MRV 导致干扰素调节因子 3 (IRF3) 的激活和磷酸化,但 IRF3 的核易位在感染细胞中受到损害。此外,我们表明 MRV 不会降解 IRF3,而是将其隔离在细胞质病毒工厂中。我们证明病毒工厂基质蛋白 μNS 是将 IRF3 隔离的唯一原因。这一发现强调了 MRV 用于干扰固有免疫系统的新机制,并将病毒工厂不仅视为复制区,而且视为参与免疫逃避的主动策略。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9191/5589761/4b8cde5b1166/41598_2017_11469_Fig1_HTML.jpg

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