Chin Chue Vin, Saeed Mohsan
Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
Pathogens. 2022 Apr 28;11(5):522. doi: 10.3390/pathogens11050522.
As a frontline defense mechanism against viral infections, the innate immune system is the primary target of viral antagonism. A number of virulence factors encoded by viruses play roles in circumventing host defenses and augmenting viral replication. Among these factors are viral proteases, which are primarily responsible for maturation of viral proteins, but in addition cause proteolytic cleavage of cellular proteins involved in innate immune signaling. The study of these viral protease-mediated host cleavages has illuminated the intricacies of innate immune networks and yielded valuable insights into viral pathogenesis. In this review, we will provide a brief summary of how proteases of positive-strand RNA viruses, mainly from the , and families, proteolytically process innate immune components and blunt their functions.
作为抵御病毒感染的一线防御机制，固有免疫系统是病毒对抗的主要目标。病毒编码的许多毒力因子在规避宿主防御和增强病毒复制方面发挥作用。这些因子包括病毒蛋白酶，其主要负责病毒蛋白的成熟，但此外还会导致参与固有免疫信号传导的细胞蛋白发生蛋白水解切割。对这些病毒蛋白酶介导的宿主切割的研究揭示了固有免疫网络的复杂性，并为病毒发病机制提供了有价值的见解。在本综述中，我们将简要总结正链RNA病毒（主要来自 、 和 家族）的蛋白酶如何通过蛋白水解作用处理固有免疫成分并削弱其功能。
