尼科亚，哥斯达黎加的美洲印第安人血统与长寿。
Amerindian ancestry and extended longevity in Nicoya, Costa Rica.
机构信息
Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, Ciudad Universitaria Rodrigo Facio, San Pedro, 2060 San José, Costa Rica.
Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, 72 East Concord Street, L-7, Boston, Massachusetts 02118.
出版信息
Am J Hum Biol. 2018 Jan;30(1). doi: 10.1002/ajhb.23055. Epub 2017 Sep 8.
OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to address the hypothesis that Amerindian ancestry is associated with extended longevity in the admixed population of Nicoya, Costa Rica. The Nicoya Peninsula of Costa Rica has been considered a "longevity island," particularly for males.
METHODS
We estimated Amerindian ancestry using 464 ancestral informative markers in 20 old Nicoyans aged ≥99 years, and 20 younger Nicoyans (60-65 years). We used logistic regression to estimate odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of the association of Amerindian ancestry and longevity.
RESULTS
Older Nicoyans had higher Amerindian ancestry compared to younger Nicoyans (43.3% vs 36.0%, P = .04). Each 10% increase of Amerindian ancestry was associated with more than twice the odds of being long-lived (OR = 2.32, 95% CI = 1.03-5.25).
CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS
To our knowledge, this is the first time that ancestry is implicated as a likely determinant of extended longevity. Amerindian-specific alleles may protect against early mortality. The identification of these protective alleles should be the focus of future studies.
目的
本研究旨在验证一个假设，即美洲印第安人血统与哥斯达黎加尼科亚混合人群的长寿有关。哥斯达黎加的尼科亚半岛一直被认为是一个“长寿岛”，尤其是对男性而言。
方法
我们使用 464 个祖先信息标记，对 20 名年龄≥99 岁的老尼科亚人（年长组）和 20 名年龄在 60-65 岁的年轻尼科亚人（年轻组）进行了美洲印第安人血统的估计。我们使用逻辑回归来估计美洲印第安人血统与长寿之间的关联的比值比（OR）和 95%置信区间（CI）。
结果
与年轻的尼科亚人相比，年长的尼科亚人具有更高的美洲印第安人血统（43.3%比 36.0%，P = .04）。美洲印第安人血统每增加 10%，长寿的几率就会增加两倍以上（OR = 2.32，95% CI = 1.03-5.25）。
结论和意义
据我们所知，这是首次将血统作为延长寿命的一个可能决定因素来进行研究。美洲印第安人特有的等位基因可能有助于预防早期死亡。确定这些保护性等位基因应该是未来研究的重点。
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