Center on Alcoholism, Substance Abuse, and Addictions, University of New Mexico, USA.
Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, CIPSI Grupo Vinculado CIECS-UNC-CONICET, Córdoba, Argentina.
Addict Behav. 2018 Jan;76:319-327. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2017.08.028. Epub 2017 Aug 31.
Recent research suggests that ruminative thinking (specifically problem-focused thoughts) may explain why individuals engage in drinking to cope (DTC) when dealing with depressive symptoms; which in turn leads to increased negative alcohol-related consequences. Cross-cultural studies addressing these phenomena are scarce.
The present study cross-culturally tested whether four rumination facets (problem-focused thoughts, counterfactual thinking, repetitive thoughts, and anticipatory thoughts) uniquely mediate the relationships between depressive symptoms and drinking motives/alcohol outcomes in a multicultural sample of college student drinkers (n=1429) from Spain, Argentina, and the U.S.
Structural equation modeling was conducted to test the models, controlling for sex. Further, we conducted invariance testing to determine whether our models were culturally-specific or culturally-universal.
Within both proposed models, no rumination facet uniquely mediated the relationship between depressive symptoms and drinking motives. However, an exploratory model with a second-order latent factor of ruminative thinking did significantly mediate these associations (exception was conformity motives). Further, there were two significant double-mediated associations that suggested that increased depressive symptoms is associated with increased ruminative thinking, which is associated with higher DTC motives, which in turn is associated with higher alcohol consumption and negative alcohol-related consequences. All models were found to be invariant across countries and sex, suggesting that these associations may be relatively universal.
Rumination is relevant to understand the increased vulnerability of college drinkers to exhibit greater alcohol consumption and negative consequences via DTC motives when dealing with depressive symptoms.
最近的研究表明，沉思性思维（特别是问题聚焦性思维）可能解释了为什么个体在应对抑郁症状时会通过饮酒来应对（DTC），而这反过来又导致了更多的负面与酒精相关的后果。涉及这些现象的跨文化研究很少。
本研究在跨文化背景下，检验了在来自西班牙、阿根廷和美国的大学生饮酒者的多元文化样本中（n=1429），四个沉思性思维方面（问题聚焦性思维、反事实思维、重复思维和预期思维）是否能独特地中介抑郁症状与饮酒动机/酒精结果之间的关系。
使用结构方程模型检验模型，控制性别。此外，我们进行了不变性检验，以确定我们的模型是具有文化特异性还是具有文化普遍性。
在两个提出的模型中，没有一个沉思性思维方面能独特地中介抑郁症状与饮酒动机之间的关系。然而，一个具有沉思性思维二阶潜变量的探索性模型确实显著地中介了这些关联（一致性动机除外）。此外，还有两个具有双重中介作用的关联表明，抑郁症状的增加与沉思性思维的增加有关，而沉思性思维的增加与更高的 DTC 动机有关，而 DTC 动机的增加又与更高的酒精消费和负面的与酒精相关的后果有关。所有的模型都被发现是在国家和性别之间不变的，这表明这些关联可能具有相对的普遍性。
沉思性思维与理解大学生饮酒者在应对抑郁症状时通过 DTC 动机表现出更高的酒精消费和负面后果的增加有关。
