Hillis Stephen L, Schartz Kevin M
Department of Radiology, University of Iowa, 3170 ML, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA USA 52242-1077.
Proc SPIE Int Soc Opt Eng. 2015 Feb;9416. doi: 10.1117/12.2083150. Epub 2015 Mar 17.
The recently released software , written by Kevin Schartz and Stephen Hillis, performs sample size computations for diagnostic reader-performance studies. The program computes the sample size needed to detect a specified difference in a reader performance measure between two modalities, when using the analysis methods initially proposed by Dorfman, Berbaum, and Metz (DBM) and Obuchowski and Rockette (OR), and later unified and improved by Hillis and colleagues. A commonly used reader performance measure is the area under the receiver-operating-characteristic curve. The program can be used with typical common reader-performance measures which can be estimated parametrically or nonparametrically. The program has an easy-to-use step-by-step intuitive interface that walks the user through the entry of the needed information. Features of the software include the following: (1) choice of several study designs; (2) choice of inputs obtained from either OR or DBM analyses; (3) choice of three different inference situations: both readers and cases random, readers fixed and cases random, and readers random and cases fixed; (4) choice of two types of hypotheses: equivalence or noninferiority; (6) choice of two output formats: power for specified case and reader sample sizes, or a listing of case-reader combinations that provide a specified power; (7) choice of single or multi-reader analyses; and (8) functionality in Windows, Mac OS, and Linux.
最近发布的一款软件由凯文·施瓦茨和斯蒂芬·希利斯编写，用于诊断性阅片者性能研究的样本量计算。当使用最初由多尔夫曼、伯鲍姆和梅茨（DBM）以及奥布霍夫斯基和罗凯特（OR）提出，后经希利斯及其同事统一和改进的分析方法时，该程序可计算出检测两种模式下阅片者性能指标中特定差异所需的样本量。常用的阅片者性能指标是接受者操作特征曲线下的面积。该程序可用于典型的常见阅片者性能指标，这些指标可通过参数法或非参数法进行估计。该程序拥有一个易于使用的逐步直观界面，引导用户输入所需信息。该软件的功能包括：（1）多种研究设计可供选择；（2）可选择从OR或DBM分析中获取的输入数据；（3）三种不同推断情况可供选择：阅片者和病例均随机、阅片者固定而病例随机、阅片者随机而病例固定；（4）两种假设类型可供选择：等效性或非劣效性；（6）两种输出格式可供选择：指定病例和阅片者样本量时的检验效能，或提供指定检验效能的病例 - 阅片者组合列表；（7）单阅片者或多阅片者分析可供选择；以及（8）适用于Windows、Mac OS和Linux系统。
