Roberts Steven Othello, Gelman Susan
Psychology, University of Michigan, 530 Church Street, Ann Arbor, 48108 United States.
Psychology, University of Michigan, 530 Church St., Ann Arbor, 48109-1043 United States.
J Cogn Dev. 2017;18(1):1-15. doi: 10.1080/15248372.2015.1086772. Epub 2016 Feb 23.
Research has explored how multiracial individuals are categorized by monoracial individuals, but has not yet explored how they are categorized by multiracial individuals themselves. We examined how multiracial children (4-9 years) and adults categorized multiracial targets (presented with and without parentage information). When parentage information was provided, multiracial targets were more likely to be categorized as neither wholly black nor wholly white. However, both multiracial adults and children more often categorized multiracial targets as black than as white regardless of the absence or presence of parentage information. For multiracial children, increased contact with white people predicted the tendency to categorize multiracial targets as black. These data suggest that multiracial children's categorizations are more flexible than those of monoracial children in previous research, and that the tendency to categorize multiracial targets as black emerges early in development within multiracial samples, and is especially likely in predominantly white contexts.
研究探讨了单一种族的人如何对多种族个体进行分类，但尚未探讨多种族个体自身如何对他们进行分类。我们研究了多种族儿童（4至9岁）和成年人如何对多种族目标对象（呈现有无出身信息的情况）进行分类。当提供出身信息时，多种族目标对象更有可能被归类为既非完全黑人也非完全白人。然而，无论有无出身信息，多种族成年人和儿童都更常将多种族目标对象归类为黑人而非白人 。对于多种族儿童而言，与白人接触增加预示着将多种族目标对象归类为黑人的倾向。这些数据表明，在先前研究中多种族儿童的分类比单一种族儿童更灵活，并且在多种族样本中，将多种族目标对象归类为黑人的倾向在发育早期就出现了，在以白人为主的环境中尤其可能出现这种情况。
