Wijarnpreecha Karn, Thongprayoon Charat, Thamcharoen Natanong, Panjawatanan Panadeekarn, Cheungpasitporn Wisit
Department of Internal Medicine, Bassett Medical Center, Cooperstown, New York, USA.
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
Intern Med J. 2017 Dec;47(12):1422-1432. doi: 10.1111/imj.13621.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The risk of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in individuals who regularly drink coffee is controversial. Several antioxidant compounds in coffee have been proposed to reduce the risk of RCC, while the findings from several studies raise concerns regarding a potential increased risk of RCC with coffee consumption.
This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the association between coffee consumption and RCC.
A literature search was performed using MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews from inception until December 2016. Studies that reported odd ratios or hazard ratios comparing the risk of RCC in individuals who consumed a significant amount of coffee (at least one cup of coffee per day) versus those who did not consume coffee were included. Pooled risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were computed using a random-effect, generic inverse variance method.
Twenty-two observational studies (16 case-control and 6 cohort studies) were included in our analysis to assess the association between RCC and coffee consumption. The pooled RR of RCC in individuals consuming coffee was 0.99 (95% CI, 0.89-1.11). Subgroup analyses stratified by gender showed pooled RRs of RCC of 1.15 (95% CI, 0.85-1.55) in females and 0.87 (95% CI, 0.72-1.04) in males.
Our study demonstrates no significant association between coffee consumption and RCC. Thus, coffee consumption is likely not a risk factor for RCC. Whether coffee consumption has a potential role in reduced risk of RCC, particularly in men, requires further investigations.
背景/目的：经常喝咖啡的个体患肾细胞癌（RCC）的风险存在争议。咖啡中的几种抗氧化化合物被认为可降低患RCC的风险，而多项研究结果引发了对喝咖啡可能增加RCC风险的担忧。
本荟萃分析旨在评估咖啡饮用与RCC之间的关联。
使用MEDLINE、EMBASE和Cochrane系统评价数据库进行文献检索，检索时间范围从建库至2016年12月。纳入报告了比较大量饮用咖啡的个体（至少每天一杯咖啡）与不喝咖啡个体患RCC风险的比值比或风险比的研究。采用随机效应、通用逆方差法计算合并风险比（RR）和95%置信区间（CI）。
我们的分析纳入了22项观察性研究（16项病例对照研究和6项队列研究），以评估RCC与咖啡饮用之间的关联。喝咖啡个体患RCC的合并RR为0.99（95%CI，0.89 - 1.11）。按性别分层的亚组分析显示，女性患RCC的合并RR为1.15（95%CI，0.85 - 1.55），男性为0.87（95%CI，0.72 - 1.04）。
我们的研究表明咖啡饮用与RCC之间无显著关联。因此，喝咖啡可能不是RCC的风险因素。咖啡饮用是否在降低RCC风险，尤其是男性RCC风险方面具有潜在作用，需要进一步研究。
