[HIV cure : a realistic perspective ?].

More than 30 years after its discovery, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) continues to be a major global public health issue. Antiretroviral therapy increases survival and quality of life of HIV-infected patients but is not curative. Indeed, interruption of therapy invariably leads to the re-emergence of detectable viral replication, since HIV persists in extremely long-lived viral latent reservoirs. Those viral latent reservoirs constitute the major source of viral recovery following antiretroviral treatment interruption and are considered as the most important hurdle to HIV eradication. Multiple strategies aimed at targeting the HIV latent reservoirs are intensively being explored. We discuss here the most recent innovative works that will hopefully contribute to find a cure for HIV.