Syed Yasmeen Amthul, Reddy Bh Satheesh, Ramamurthy T K, Rajendra Kavitha, Nerella Narendra Kumar, Krishnan Meenakshi, Ramesh M V, Mohammed Rezwana Begum
Senior Lecturer, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Vishnu Dental College, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Professor and Head, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Aecs Maaruti College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
J Clin Diagn Res. 2017 Jul;11(7):ZC01-ZC04. doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2017/26444.10128. Epub 2017 Jul 1.
Saliva is a complex secretion that protects and lubricates the oral cavity. Various systemic diseases and their treatment alter the salivary gland function; one such disease is Autoimmune Thyroid Disease (AITD). AITD has been postulated to exert its hormonal influence on the salivary glands, leading to reduced salivary output. There's a paucity of literature, verifying the stated conjunction in human subjects.
The aim was to investigate the salivary profile in AITD patients and its comparison with controls.
Descriptive cross-sectional comparative study was conducted using convenience sampling method for screening the presence of thyroid disorders. Two groups comprising of 30 patients in each group diagnosed with autoimmune hypothyroiditis (n=30) and hyperthyroiditis (n=30) respectively and thirty healthy volunteers who were age and sex matched were included as controls. Saliva was collected and evaluated for Unstimulated Salivary Flow Rate (USSFR), pH and buffer capacity. ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc test was performed to find the statistical significance and for pairwise comparison.
Statistically significant difference was observed between autoimmune hypothyroiditis, autoimmune hyperthyroiditis and control group with respect to USSFR (p<0.007), pH (p<0.001) and buffer capacity (p<0.001). On pairwise comparisons statistically significant difference was observed between autoimmune hypothyroiditis and autoimmune hyperthyroiditis with respect to controls.
We conclude that significant involvement of salivary glands may occur in cases of AITD. Our study showed significant reduction of sialometric values in AITD patients when compared to controls. A strong clinical suspicion of thyroid diseases should be considered when there is chronic hyposalivation; hence thyroid profile must also be done, if the known causes have been excluded.
唾液是一种复杂的分泌物，可保护和润滑口腔。多种全身性疾病及其治疗会改变唾液腺功能；自身免疫性甲状腺疾病（AITD）就是其中之一。据推测，AITD会对唾液腺产生激素影响，导致唾液分泌减少。关于在人类受试者中证实上述关联的文献较少。
本研究旨在调查AITD患者的唾液特征，并与对照组进行比较。
采用方便抽样法进行描述性横断面比较研究，以筛查甲状腺疾病。两组各30例患者，分别诊断为自身免疫性甲状腺炎（n = 30）和甲状腺功能亢进症（n = 30），另外纳入30名年龄和性别匹配的健康志愿者作为对照组。收集唾液并评估非刺激性唾液流速（USSFR）、pH值和缓冲能力。采用方差分析和Tukey事后检验来确定统计学意义并进行两两比较。
在USSFR（p < 0.007）、pH值（p < 0.001）和缓冲能力（p < 0.001）方面，自身免疫性甲状腺炎、自身免疫性甲状腺功能亢进症和对照组之间存在统计学显著差异。在两两比较中，自身免疫性甲状腺炎和自身免疫性甲状腺功能亢进症与对照组相比存在统计学显著差异。
我们得出结论，AITD病例中唾液腺可能会受到显著影响。我们的研究表明，与对照组相比，AITD患者的唾液测量值显著降低。当出现慢性唾液分泌减少时，应高度怀疑甲状腺疾病；因此，如果已排除已知原因，也必须进行甲状腺功能检查。
