Department of Pediatrics, Palmetto Health-USC Medical Group, Columbia, SC, USA.
Department of Psychology, Purdue University System, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
J Intellect Disabil Res. 2017 Oct;61(10):916-927. doi: 10.1111/jir.12409.
The FMR1 premutation, caused by a CGG trinucleotide repeat expansion on the FMR1 gene, has been identified as a genetic risk factor for mood and anxiety disorders. Building on recent studies identifying increased risk for mood and affective disorders in this population, we examined effects of potential protective factors (optimism, religion, hope) on depression and anxiety diagnoses in a prospective, longitudinal cohort.
Eighty-three women with the FMR1 premutation participated in the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR Disorders at two-time points, 3 years apart. Participants also completed measures of optimism, religion, personal faith, hope, and child and family characteristics. We used logistic regression to examine correlates of major depressive disorder (MDD) and anxiety disorders at the initial assessment, as well as predictors of the diagnostic course over time.
Lower optimism and higher religious participation relevant to fragile X syndrome at the initial assessment were associated with a lifetime history of MDD. Lower optimism also predicted the occurrence and reoccurrence of an anxiety disorder 3 years later.
In women with the FMR1 premutation, elevated optimism may reduce the occurrence or severity of MDD and anxiety disorders. These findings underscore the importance of supporting mental health across the FMR1 spectrum of involvement.
脆性 X 智力低下 1 号基因（FMR1）前突变是由 FMR1 基因上的 CGG 三核苷酸重复扩展引起的，已被确定为情绪和焦虑障碍的遗传风险因素。基于最近的研究确定了该人群中情绪和情感障碍的风险增加，我们在一个前瞻性、纵向队列中检查了潜在保护因素（乐观、宗教、希望）对抑郁和焦虑诊断的影响。
83 名 FMR1 前突变女性在两个时间点（相隔 3 年）接受了 DSM-IV-TR 障碍的结构化临床访谈。参与者还完成了乐观、宗教、个人信仰、希望以及儿童和家庭特征的测量。我们使用逻辑回归来检查初始评估时主要抑郁障碍（MDD）和焦虑障碍的相关性，以及随时间推移的诊断过程的预测因素。
初始评估时较低的乐观和与脆性 X 综合征相关的较高宗教参与与终生 MDD 病史有关。较低的乐观也预测了 3 年后焦虑障碍的发生和复发。
在 FMR1 前突变的女性中，较高的乐观可能会降低 MDD 和焦虑障碍的发生或严重程度。这些发现强调了在 FMR1 受累范围内支持心理健康的重要性。
