Operative Unit for Health and Safety in the Workplaces, Department of Prevention, Provincial Agency for Health Services (APSS) of the Autonomous Province of Trento, Trento, Italy -
Local Health Unit of Reggio Emilia, Department of Public Health, Service for Health and Safety in the Workplace, AUSL IRCCS Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy -
G Ital Dermatol Venereol. 2020 Feb;155(1):31-40. doi: 10.23736/S0392-0488.17.05672-3. Epub 2017 Sep 8.
The purpose of this study was to determine and evaluate sun safety knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) among agricultural workers (AWs) in the Autonomous Province of Trento (North-Eastern Italy).
A cross sectional study was performed among AWs who attended pesticide training courses (2016). Participants received a structured questionnaire focusing on KAP towards sun protective behaviors. Synthetic scores for knowledge (GKS), risk perception (RPS), behavioral adaptation and use of personal protective equipment (SPPS) were calculated. Regression analysis was modelled in order to assess GKS, RPS and individual factors as predictors of SPPS.
The sample included 204 AWs (89.7% males, 10.3% females, mean age 43.9±15.9 years). Sun protective behaviors were irregularly referred by participants, in particular receiving medical skin assessment by a dermatologist (33.8%), avoiding sun radiations at noon and taking rest breaks in shady areas (30.9%), and wearing sunscreen (13.3%). GKS was correlated with RPS, and RPS was characterized as a significant predictor of SPPS (B=0.307; 95% CI 0.224-0.389, P<0.001), alongside increased seniority (B=4.957: 95% CI 3.064-6.851, P<0.001) and previous history of sunburns (B=5.829; 95% CI 1.520-10.139, P=0.008).
Our findings indicate that AWs are not appropriately aware of the risks associated with occupational exposure to solar radiation, and eventually report inadequate skin cancer prevention practices. Since SPPS found significant predictors in individual factors, tailored interventions and training may contribute to fill knowledge gaps and raise the concerns of AWs towards occupational dermatological disorders.
本研究旨在确定和评估意大利东北部特伦蒂诺自治省（Trentino）的农业工人（AW）的防晒知识、态度和行为（KAP）。
对参加农药培训课程的 AW 进行了横断面研究（2016 年）。参与者接受了一项重点关注防晒行为的 KAP 的结构化问卷。计算了知识综合得分（GKS）、风险感知（RPS）、行为适应和个人防护设备（SPPS）的使用情况。回归分析用于评估 GKS、RPS 和个体因素作为 SPPS 的预测因子。
该样本包括 204 名 AW（89.7%为男性，10.3%为女性，平均年龄为 43.9±15.9 岁）。参与者不规则地提到防晒行为，特别是接受皮肤科医生的医学皮肤评估（33.8%）、避免中午阳光照射和在阴凉处休息（30.9%），以及使用防晒霜（13.3%）。GKS 与 RPS 相关，RPS 是 SPPS 的显著预测因子（B=0.307；95%CI 0.224-0.389，P<0.001），同时还有工龄增加（B=4.957：95%CI 3.064-6.851，P<0.001）和晒伤史（B=5.829；95%CI 1.520-10.139，P=0.008）。
我们的研究结果表明，AW 对与职业性暴露于太阳辐射相关的风险认识不足，最终报告的皮肤癌预防措施不足。由于 SPPS 在个体因素中发现了显著的预测因子，因此针对性的干预和培训可能有助于填补知识空白，并提高 AW 对职业性皮肤疾病的关注。
