Tovar-Galvez María I, González-Jiménez Emilio, Martí-García Celia, Schmidt-RioValle Jacqueline
Departamento de Enfermería, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud de Ceuta, Universidad de Granada, España.
Departamento de Enfermería, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Granada, España.
Endocrinol Diabetes Nutr. 2017 Oct;64(8):424-431. doi: 10.1016/j.endinu.2017.05.011. Epub 2017 Aug 3.
To report the anthropometric characteristics and body composition and to analyze the potential sex-based differences in Spanish schoolchildren and adolescents living in Granada and Ceuta. To estimate body fat percentage using regression equations and bioelectrical impedance to check for sex differences. An additional objective was to see whether the body fat percentages obtained by these two methods were similar.
A cross-sectional study including 1,518 children and adolescents (aged 9-16) from 12 primary and secondary schools in Ceuta and Granada. The nutritional status of the subjects was assessed and their body fat percentage was calculated.
There was a strong sexual dimorphism, with higher prevalence rates of overweight in boys and obesity in girls. Girls had higher mean body fat levels regardless of the measuring method used (p<.001). Correlation between bioelectrical impedance analysis and regression equations was high (r=0.830), as was the internal correlation coefficient (ICC>0.75). A Bland-Altman comparison showed a high agreement between bioelectrical impedance and Behnke and Lohman equations.
Specific equations considering subject sex and age should be used to estimate body density. Regardless of the method used, girls had higher body fat percentages. The Behnke and Lohman equations, combined with BIA, were found to be the most accurate methods for measuring body density in the study population.
报告西班牙格拉纳达和休达地区学童及青少年的人体测量特征和身体成分，并分析潜在的性别差异。使用回归方程和生物电阻抗法估算体脂百分比，以检验性别差异。另一个目的是观察通过这两种方法获得的体脂百分比是否相似。
一项横断面研究，纳入了来自休达和格拉纳达12所中小学的1518名儿童和青少年（9 - 16岁）。评估了受试者的营养状况并计算了他们的体脂百分比。
存在明显的性别差异，男孩超重和女孩肥胖的患病率更高。无论使用何种测量方法，女孩的平均体脂水平都更高（p <.001）。生物电阻抗分析与回归方程之间的相关性很高（r = 0.830），内部相关系数也很高（ICC > 0.75）。Bland - Altman比较显示生物电阻抗与Behnke和Lohman方程之间具有高度一致性。
应使用考虑受试者性别和年龄的特定方程来估算身体密度。无论使用何种方法，女孩的体脂百分比都更高。在研究人群中，发现Behnke和Lohman方程与生物电阻抗分析相结合是测量身体密度最准确的方法。
