Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK.
Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK.
Curr Biol. 2017 Sep 11;27(17):R952-R963. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2017.06.042.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi form associations with most land plants and facilitate nutrient uptake from the soil, with the plant receiving mineral nutrients from the fungus and in return providing the fungus with fixed carbon. This nutrient exchange takes place through highly branched fungal structures called arbuscules that are formed in cortical cells of the host root. Recent discoveries have highlighted the importance of fatty acids, in addition to sugars, acting as the form of fixed carbon transferred from the plant to the fungus and several studies have begun to elucidate the mechanisms that control the plant processes necessary for fungal colonisation and arbuscule development. In this review, we analyse the mechanisms that allow arbuscule development and the processes necessary for nutrient exchange between the plant and the fungus.
丛枝菌根真菌与大多数陆生植物形成共生关系，促进从土壤中吸收养分，植物从真菌中获取矿物质养分，而作为回报，植物为真菌提供固定碳。这种养分交换是通过高度分支的真菌结构（称为丛枝）在宿主根的皮层细胞中形成的。最近的发现强调了脂肪酸（除了糖之外）作为从植物转移到真菌的固定碳的形式的重要性，并且已经开始进行几项研究来阐明控制真菌定殖和丛枝发育所需的植物过程的机制。在这篇综述中，我们分析了允许丛枝发育的机制以及植物和真菌之间进行养分交换所需的过程。
